Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33348298›Full record

ArticleSleep medicine2021

Changes in sleep timing and subjective sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy and Belgium: age, gender and working status as modulating factors.

Nicola Cellini, Francesca Conte, Oreste De Rosa, Fiorenza Giganti, Serena Malloggi, Mathilde Reyt, Camille Guillemin, Christina Schmidt, Vincenzo Muto, Gianluca Ficca

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Sleep medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Data collection in pandemic times: the case of the Belgian COVID-19 health surveys.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2023
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  20. From Passion to Abyss: The Mental Health of Athletes during COVID-19 Lockdown.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2023
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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Nicola CelliniDepartment of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Human Inspired Technology Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. Electronic address: nicola.cellini@unipd.it.
Francesca ConteDepartment of Psychology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
Oreste De RosaDepartment of Psychology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
Fiorenza GigantiDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy.
Serena MalloggiDepartment of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy.
Mathilde ReytGIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Camille GuilleminGIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Christina SchmidtGIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Vincenzo MutoGIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Gianluca FiccaDepartment of Psychology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
University of Liège · BEUniversity of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" · ITUniversity of Florence · ITUniversity of Padua · IT

Funding

European Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Italy and Belgium have been among the first western countries to face the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency, imposing a total lockdown over the entire national territories. These limitations have proven effective in slowing down the spread of the infection. However, the benefits obtained in public health have come with huge costs in terms of social, economic, and psychological well-being. In the current study, we aimed to investigate how the period of home confinement affected self-reported sleep characteristics in Italians and Belgians, with special regard to sleep timing and subjective quality. Using an online survey we collected data from 2272 participants, 1622 Italians (Mage = 34.1 ± 13.6 years, 1171 F), and 650 Belgian (Mage = 43.0 ± 16.8 years, 509 F). Participants reported their sleep pattern (eg, bedtime, risetime) and perceived sleep quality during and, retrospectively, before the lockdown. During the lockdown, sleep timing was significantly delayed, time spent in bed increased, and sleep quality was markedly impaired in both Italians and Belgians. The most vulnerable individuals appeared to be women, subjects experiencing a more negative mood, and those perceiving the pandemic situation as highly stressful. However, the two samples differed in the subgroups most affected by the changes, possibly because of the different welfare systems of the two countries. In fact, in the Italian sample sleep quality and timing underwent significant modifications especially in unemployed participants, whereas in the Belgian sample this category was the one who suffered less from the restrictions. Considering that the novel coronavirus has spread across the whole globe, involving countries with different types of health and welfare systems, understanding which policy measures have the most effective protective role on physical and mental health is of primary importance.

Indexed as

AdultBelgiumCOVID-19FemaleHumansItalyMaleMental HealthMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSelf ReportSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersSocial IsolationSurveys and QuestionnairesTime FactorsYoung AdultCircadian rhythmsCOVID-19Home confinementSleepWorking status

Identifiers

PMID33348298
PMCPMC9183798
OpenAlexW3107253901

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.