Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33348180›Full record

ArticleJournal of affective disorders2021

The factor structure of depressive symptoms in patients with obesity enrolled in the RAINBOW clinical trial.

Marzieh Majd, Joshua M Smyth, Nan Lv, Lan Xiao, Mark B Snowden, Elizabeth M Venditti, Leanne M Williams, Olusola A Ajilore, Trisha Suppes, Jun Ma

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Marzieh MajdDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Joshua M SmythDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, PA, USA.
Nan LvInstitute of Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Lan XiaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Mark B SnowdenDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Elizabeth M VendittiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Leanne M WilliamsDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Olusola A AjiloreDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Trisha SuppesDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Jun MaInstitute of Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Electronic address: maj2015@uic.edu.

Funding

Can diet- & exercise-induced weight loss improve asthma control in obese adults?R01HL094466 · NHLBI · PALO ALTO MEDICAL FOUNDATION RES INST · PI MA, JUN · 2009 to 2013
$4.0M
RCT on comanagement of obesity, depression, and elevated CVD risk in primary careR01HL119453 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI MA, JUN · 2014 to 2018
$3.6M
Engaging self-regulation targets to understand the mechanisms of behavior change and improve mood and weight outcomesUH3HL132368 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI MA, JUN, WILLIAMS, LEANNE · 2018 to 2019
$2.6M
Engaging self-regulation targets to understand the mechanisms of behavior change and improve mood and weight outcomesUH2HL132368 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI MA, JUN, WILLIAMS, LEANNE · 2015 to 2017
$2.6M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL094466NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL119453NHLBI NIH HHS UH2 HL132368NHLBI NIH HHS UH3 HL132368
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExamining variability in the presenting symptoms of depression may be particularly important in characterizing depression in patients with comorbid conditions such as obesity. Identifying the underlying constructs of depression in such patients may produce phenotypic information to aid diagnosis and treatment decisions.

objectiveTo examine the latent factors of symptoms using the depression Symptom Checklist (SCL-20) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), separately, in patients with obesity and elevated depressive symptoms.

methodsExploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on baseline data from 409 patients with obesity and elevated depressive symptoms recruited in primary care. Bootstrap analysis was performed to estimate the precision and potential replicability of identified latent factors.

resultsParticipants (70% women, mean age of 51.0 ± 12.1 years) had moderate depression. EFA of the SCL-20 suggested two reliable factors: dysphoric mood (71% of the variance) and anhedonia (15% of the variance). EFA of the PHQ-9 yielded one factor: dysphoric mood (87% of the variance). Bootstrapped results supported the replicability of these results. The top most endorsed symptoms were feeling low energy, overeating and disturbed sleep. LIMITATIONS: The generalizability of these findings to severe depression may be limited.

conclusionsPatients with elevated depressive symptoms and obesity present with heterogeneous symptoms. The SCL-20 seems more sensitive than the PHQ-9 for differentiating symptom profiles in this population. Some possible reasons include: 1) differences in number of scale items, and 2) differences in the aspects of depression they tap into; the SCL-20 measures the severity of symptoms, whereas the PHQ-9 measures the frequency of symptoms.

Indexed as

DepressionMajor Depressive DisorderAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedObesityPatient Health QuestionnairePrimary Health CareSurveys and QuestionnairesDepressionExploratory factor analysisObesityPHQ-9SCL-20

Identifiers

PMID33348180
PMCPMC7855596

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.