ReviewGastroenterology2021
Effects of Intestinal Fungi and Viruses on Immune Responses and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
Review in Gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stabilized adaptive states in microbiome-human integrated physiology: reframing health and chronic disease as symbiotic biological states.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Intestinal fungal signatures and their impact on immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy: a multi-cohort meta-analysis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Pooled it
- Predicting cancer-related mycobiome aspects in gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- An IL-17-DUOX2 axis controls gastrointestinal colonization by Candida albicans.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The intestinal microbiota as a key modulator of acute graft-versus-host disease.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Effect of the intestinal microbiota on TSeminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Across the Social Network of the Gut: Bacterial, Fungal, and Viral Determinants of Checkpoint Inhibitor Efficacy and Toxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A Developmental Perspective on the Intestinal Microbiota in Crohn's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A montmorillonite-based oral fermentation system enables long-lasting in-situ biosynthesis to restore intestinal homeostasis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Crosstalk between the microbiome and the mucosal immunoglobulin A system in the lung, in health and disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- The bidirectional effects and mechanisms of the oral and gut microbiomes: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Macrophages dynamically integrate neuro-immune-microbial network signals: their role in gastrointestinal motility disorders and targeting potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mapping the multigenomic human system: structural asymmetry and interface gaps in host-exogenous biological interactions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- The role of the gut mycobiota in neurodevelopmental disorders: a multikingdom disruption of the gut-brain axis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Interkingdom microbiome physiology in colorectal cancer: barrier dysfunction, immune-metabolic signaling, and therapeutic resistance.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- The role of the mycobiome in host physiology and disease: insights from rodent models.Lab animal · 2025Review
- The Gut Microbiome in Enteric Viral Infections: Underlying Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Exploring the bioactive landscape: peptides and non-peptides from the human microbiota.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Review
- The Role of Intestinal Fungi in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Persistent delay in maturation of the developing gut microbiota in infants with cystic fibrosis.mBio · 2025Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota comprises diverse fungal and viral components, in addition to bacteria. These microbes interact with the immune system and affect human physiology. Advances in metagenomics have associated inflammatory and autoimmune diseases with alterations in fungal and viral species in the gut. Studies of animal models have found that commensal fungi and viruses can activate host-protective immune pathways related to epithelial barrier integrity, but can also induce reactions that contribute to events associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Changes in our environment associated with modernization and the COVID-19 pandemic have exposed humans to new fungi and viruses, with unknown consequences. We review the lessons learned from studies of animal viruses and fungi commonly detected in the human gut and how these might affect health and intestinal disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.