Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33347725›Full record

Trial reportMaternal & child nutrition2020

A complementary feeding and play intervention improves the home environment and mental development among toddlers in rural India.

Sylvia Fernandez Rao, Margaret E Bentley, Nagalla Balakrishna, Paula Griffiths, Hilary Creed-Kanashiro, Shahnaz Vazir, Susan L Johnson

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Maternal & child nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Nurturing Bonds: A Qualitative Exploration of Breastfeeding and Responsive Feeding Practices in Samoan Mother-Infants Dyads.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Sylvia Fernandez RaoBehavioral Science Unit, Extension and Training Division, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, India.ORCID 0000-0002-6896-3140
Margaret E BentleyDepartment of Nutrition and Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Nagalla BalakrishnaDivision of Statistics, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, India.
Paula GriffithsSchool of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
Hilary Creed-KanashiroDepartment of Nutrition Research, Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru.
Shahnaz VazirBehavioral Science Unit, Extension and Training Division, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, India.
Susan L JohnsonChildren's Eating Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
National Institute of Nutrition · INChildren's Hospital Colorado · USInstituto de Investigación Nutricional · PELoughborough University · GBUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

Research Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6M
Infant Care, Feeding, and Risk of ObesityR01HD042219 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BENTLEY, MARGARET E · 2002 to 2008
$3.2M
NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD042219
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A cluster randomized trial design was used to test the efficacy of a behaviour change communication intervention on the quality of the home environment and infant development at 15 months of age. Children (n = 600) in rural South India were followed from 3 through 15 months of age. The control group (C group) received the standard of care, the complementary feeding group (CF group) received recommendations on complementary foods and the responsive complementary feeding and play group (RCF&P group) received recommendations on complementary foods plus skills on responsive feeding and play. The intervention was delivered in biweekly home visits to caregivers using flip charts. At postintervention, infants (n = 521) were assessed for development (Bayley-II scales) and their home environment was assessed (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment [HOME] scale). Cluster adjusted analysis of variance showed no significant differences at baseline. The HOME score at 15 months differed by group, F(2, 38) = 6.41, P = 0.004; the CF and RCF&P groups had higher scores than the C group. Scores on subscales 'Opportunities for Variety in Daily Stimulation' and 'Caregiver Promotion of Child Development' (CPCD) were higher for the RCF&P group than for the C and CF groups. Mental development index (MDI) scores differed by group, F(2, 37) = 3.31, P = 0.04, with the RCF&P group showing higher scores than the C group (P < 0.04); no differences were noted in psychomotor development index (PDI) scores (P = 0.48). The subscales of HOME associated with MDI at 15 months were 'CPCD' and 'Cleanliness of Child' (R

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaCaregiversChild, PreschoolCommunicationDietHumansIndiaInfantMaleRural Populationbehaviour change communicationcognitive developmenthome visitsintegrated interventionresponsive feeding

Identifiers

PMID33347725
PMCPMC7752118
OpenAlexW3116760093

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.