ArticlePloS one2020
Performance of real-time PCR and immunofluorescence assay for diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in real-world clinical practice.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the ELITe InGenius PCR assay compared with immunofluorescence for Pneumocystis jirovecii detection in respiratory samples.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Invasive Fungal Disease After Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Immunotherapy in Adult and Pediatric Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Correlation analysis of serum Rac1 level with asthma control, airway inflammatory response and lung function in asthmatic children.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Cavitary lung lesions caused byBMJ case reports · 2024Article
- The conventional diagnosis challenge: Real-time PCR and nested PCR correlation with the scoring system for individuals at high-risk of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2023Article
- A Microfluidic In Vitro Three-Dimensional Dynamic Model of the Blood-Brain Barrier to Study the Transmigration of Immune Cells.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- [Adequacy to diagnostic recommendations in patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia treated with intravenous pentamidine].Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2022Article
- Development and Evaluation of Rapid and Accurate CRISPR/Cas13-Based RNA Diagnostics forFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- A Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection of LowFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPCR is more sensitive than immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii. However, PCR cannot always distinguish infection from colonization. This study aimed to compare the performance of real-time PCR and IFA for diagnosis of P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in a real-world clinical setting.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at a 1,300-bed hospital between April 2017 and December 2018. Patients whose respiratory sample (bronchoalveolar lavage or sputum) were tested by both Pneumocystis PCR and IFA were included. Diagnosis of PJP was classified based on multicomponent criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, 95% confidence intervals (CI), and Cohen's kappa coefficient were calculated.
resultsThere were 222 eligible patients. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR was 91.9% (95% CI, 84.0%-96.7%) and 89.7% (95% CI, 83.3%-94.3%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of IFA was 7.0% (95% CI, 2.6%-14.6%) and 99.2% (95% CI, 95.6%-100.0%), respectively. The percent agreement between PCR and IFA was 56.7% (Cohen's kappa -0.02). Among discordant PCR-positive and IFA-negative samples, 78% were collected after PJP treatment. Clinical management would have changed in 14% of patients using diagnostic information, mainly based on PCR results.
conclusionsPCR is highly sensitive compared with IFA for detection of PJP. Combining clinical, and radiological features with PCR is useful for diagnosis of PJP, particularly when respiratory specimens cannot be promptly collected before initiation of PJP treatment.
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