Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33346806›Full record

ArticleThe Gerontologist2021

Age Differences in Stress, Life Changes, and Social Ties During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Psychological Well-Being.

Kira S Birditt, Angela Turkelson, Karen L Fingerman, Courtney A Polenick, Akari Oya

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Gerontologist, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Psychosocial trajectories in Germany across a decade of societal crises.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026
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  11. More than an Acquaintance Less than a Friend: Fringeships in Everyday Life.Review of general psychology : journal of Division 1, of the American Psychological Association · 2025
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39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Kira S BirdittInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Angela TurkelsonInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Karen L FingermanHuman Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Courtney A PolenickDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
Akari OyaInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.

Funding

Scientific & Technical CoreP2CHD042849 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI Catherine A Calder · 2017 to 2026
$5.2M
Racial Disparities in Health: The Roles of Stress, Social Relations and the Cardiovascular SystemR01AG054371 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI BIRDITT, KIRA S, NAJARIAN, KAYVAN · 2016 to 2020
$3.7M
Couples Managing Early-Stage Dementia: Mutual Influences on Daily Stress, Self-Care, and Well-BeingK01AG059829 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI POLENICK, COURTNEY A. · 2018 to 2022
$664k
NIA NIH HHS K01 AG059829NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054371NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD042849
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesExperiences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its implications for psychological well-being may vary widely across the adult life span. The present study examined age differences in pandemic-related stress and social ties, and links with psychological well-being. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsParticipants included 645 adults (43% women) aged 18-97 (M = 50.8; SD = 17.7) from the May 2020 nationally representative Survey of Consumers. Participants reported the extent to which they felt stress related to the pandemic in the last month, the extent to which their lives had changed due to the pandemic, as well as social isolation, negative relationship quality, positive relationship quality, and frequency of depression, anxiety, and rumination in the past week.

resultsResults showed that older people reported less pandemic-related stress, less life change, less social isolation, and lower negative relationship quality than younger people. Greater pandemic-related stress, life change, social isolation, and negative relationship quality were associated with poorer psychological well-being. Poorer social ties (i.e., greater social isolation and negative quality) exacerbated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (stress, life change) on psychological well-being. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Researchers have indicated that older adults may be more vulnerable to COVID-19 pandemic-related stress and social isolation, but this study indicates that young adults may be relatively more vulnerable. Because isolation and negative relationship quality appear to exacerbate the deleterious effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological well-being, reducing social isolation and negative relations are potential targets for intervention.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsAgedAged, 80 and overAnxietyFemaleHumansMaleQuality of LifeSARS-CoV-2Social IsolationStress, PsychologicalRelationship qualitySocial isolationStress exacerbation

Identifiers

PMID33346806
PMCPMC7799124

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.