ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2021
Possible aerosol transmission of COVID-19 associated with an outbreak in an apartment in Seoul, South Korea, 2020.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Cluster Events Suggestive of Long-Distance Airborne Transmission/Inhalation.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Pooled it
- Long distance airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2: rapid systematic review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Surface Contamination and Viable Virus in High-Ventilation Single Rooms: Implications for Fomite Transmission.Juntendo medical journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Assessing vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in high-rise apartments via a joint epidemiologic and modeling investigation.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Reducing Transmission of Airborne Respiratory Pathogens: A New Beginning as the COVID-19 Emergency Ends.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Review
- The multi-dimensional challenges of controlling respiratory virus transmission in indoor spaces: Insights from the linkage of a microscopic pedestrian simulation and SARS-CoV-2 transmission model.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Controlling the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi: Results from a multi-round study.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- An overview of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and engineering strategies to mitigate risk.Journal of building engineering · 2023Review
- Investigation of airborne spread of COVID-19 using a hybrid agent-based model: a case study of the UK.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- Assessment of environmental surface contamination with SARS-CoV-2 in concert halls and banquet rooms in Japan.Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy · 2023Article
- A Novel IoT-Enabled Wireless Sensor Grid for Spatial and Temporal Evaluation of Tracer Gas Dispersion.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A review on indoor airborne transmission of COVID-19- modelling and mitigation approaches.Journal of building engineering · 2023Review
- Measurement and rapid assessment of indoor air quality at mass gathering events to assess ventilation performance and reduce aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2.Building services engineering research & technology : BSER & T · 2023Article
- The non-linear and interactive effects of meteorological factors on the transmission of COVID-19: A panel smooth transition regression model for cities across the globe.International journal of disaster risk reduction : IJDRR · 2023Article
- Probable Evidence of Aerosol Transmission of SARS-COV-2 in a COVID-19 Outbreak of a High-Rise Building.Environmental health insights · 2023Article
- Article
- Probable Aerosol Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through Floors and Walls of Quarantine Hotel, Taiwan, 2021.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundScientists have strongly implied that aerosols could be the plausible cause of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) transmission; however, aerosol transmission remains controversial. THE STUDY: We investigated the epidemiological relationship among infected cases on a recent cluster infection of COVID-19 in an apartment building in Seoul, South Korea. All infected cases were found along two vertical lines of the building, and each line was connected through a single air duct in the bathroom for natural ventilation. Our investigation found no other possible contact between the cases than the airborne infection through a single air duct in the bathroom. The virus from the first infected case can be spread to upstairs and downstairs through the air duct by the (reverse) stack effect, which explains the air movement in a vertical shaft.
conclusionsThis study suggests aerosol transmission, particularly indoors with insufficient ventilation, which is underappreciated.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.