ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2020
An Updated Panorama of "Living Low-Training High" Altitude/Hypoxic Methods.
Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy of intermittent hypoxic training modalities on athletes' performance: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analyses.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia Protocols on Physical Performance in Trained and Untrained Individuals: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Methodological and aerobic capacity adaptations of high-intensity interval training at different altitudes in distance runners: A comprehensive meta-analysis.Physiological reports · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia on Performance- and Health-Related Outcomes in Humans: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of live-high, train-low strategy induced by chronic low-dose carbon monoxide exposure on haematological parameters and performance in trained individuals.Experimental physiology · 2026Trial
- Effects of 4-week continuous hypoxic training on skeletal muscle oxygenation using near-infrared spectroscopy and functional magnetic resonance imaging.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Hypoxic Training for Judo: Practices, Perceptions and Education of Judo Athletes and Performance Staff.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Inter-effort hypoxia recovery during high-intensity intermittent exercise enhances oxygen uptake at the onset of efforts while maintaining exercise tolerance.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Optimizing Intermittent Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Training for Safety and Feasibility: An Exploratory Pilot Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Impact of hypoxic air quality on resistance training effect in different normobaric hypoxia environments.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- The 2026 Men's FIFA Football World Cup: Evidence-Based Guidelines to Protect Player Health and Performance from Environmental Challenges.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Iron Status, Muscle Oxygenation and Performance in Female Athletes During Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Impact of the administration type for normobaric hypoxia on the maximal aerobic capacity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Sports medicine and health science · 2026Review
- The effects of the "living high-training low" model on key proteins involved in cellular aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in male C57BL/6J mice.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Live high, train smart: translating altitude physiology to best practice with mechanistic insights.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Apnoea as a novel method to improve exercise performance: A current state of the literature.Experimental physiology · 2025Review
- Hypoxia Conditioning for Load-Compromised Athletes: A Narrative Review Exploring Potential Applications in Injury and Disability Management.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Impact of Altitude Training on Athletes' Aerobic Capacity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Inter-Effort Recovery Intermittent Hypoxia and Force Parameters in Sprint Interval Exercise.International journal of exercise science · 2025Article
- Inter-individual variability in performance benefits from repeated sprint training in hypoxia and associated training parameters.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With minimal costs and travel constraints for athletes, the "living low-training high" (LLTH) approach is becoming an important intervention for modern sport. The popularity of the LLTH model of altitude training is also associated with the fact that it only causes a slight disturbance to athletes' usual daily routine, allowing them to maintain their regular lifestyle in their home environment. In this perspective article, we discuss the evolving boundaries of the LLTH paradigm and its practical applications for athletes. Passive modalities include intermittent hypoxic exposure at rest (IHE) and Ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Active modalities use either local [blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise] and/or systemic hypoxia [continuous low-intensity training in hypoxia (CHT), interval hypoxic training (IHT), repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH), sprint interval training in hypoxia (SIH) and resistance training in hypoxia (RTH)]. A combination of hypoxic methods targeting different attributes also represents an attractive solution. In conclusion, a growing number of LLTH altitude training methods exists that include the application of systemic and local hypoxia stimuli, or a combination of both, for performance enhancement in many disciplines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.