ArticleTurkish journal of obstetrics and gynecology2020
Comparison of intramuscular versus subcutaneous aqueous progesterone for luteal phase support in artificially prepared frozen embryo transfer cycles.
Article in Turkish journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reproductive outcome after frozen embryo transfer with hormone replacement therapy according to luteal-phase support protocol: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2025Pooled it
- A comparative pharmacokinetic evaluation of two aqueous progesterone 25 mg injections in healthy postmenopausal women under fasting conditions: An open-label, balanced, randomized, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence, single-dose, crossover bioequivalence study.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2026Trial
- Comparing the outcomes of in-vitro fertilization in patients receiving vaginal, subcutaneous, and intramuscular progesterone for luteal phase support: a three-armed randomized controlled trial.BMC women's health · 2024Trial
- Progestogen supplementation to prevent miscarriage: Evidence and controversies.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Review
- Oral Dydrogesterone Versus Vaginal Progesterone for Luteal Phase Support in Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Effect of Adding Daily 50 mg Intramuscular Progesterone to 800 mg Progesterone Suppository on TheInternational journal of fertility & sterility · 2024Article
- Article
- Luteal phase support in fresh and frozen embryo transfers.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2022Review
- Implantation Failures and Miscarriages in Frozen Embryo Transfers Timed in Hormone Replacement Cycles (HRT): A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCryopreservation of embryos for future transfer attempts has noticeably increased in the last decade, especially due to the technological developments in in vitro fertlization (IVF) laboratories. In parallel, different progesterone (P) replacement regimens preceding artificially prepared frozen embryo transfer (AC-FET) attempts, especially with respect to the route of application and dosing scheme, have been widely argued so far. We aimed to provide more information about the efficacy profile of novel subcutaneous aqueous progesterone (SP) in AC-FET cycles. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis retrospective, single-centre cohort study included a total of 507 AC-FET cycles performed between June 2018 and April 2020. Three hundred forty-nine (68.8%) patients received 50 mg of intramuscular progesterone as once daily, 158 (31.2%) patients received 25 mg of SP as twice daily. Only, the first and single blastocyst transfers from the same cohort were accepted. The inclusion criteria were as follows: females aged <37 years, body mass index ≥18 kg/m
resultsThe number of previous IVF attempts, type of infertility, peak estradiol (E2) levels, the total number of retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes, and the number of 2PN was significantly different between the groups. Positive pregnancy (p=0.474) and clinical pregnancy rates (p=0.979), LBR (p=0.404), and missed abortion rates (p=0.144) were comparable between the groups. The total number of oocytes [adjusted odds ratios (AOR)=1.024, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.002-1.047; p=0.03)], endometrial thickness (AOR=1.121, 95% CI: 1.003-1.253; p=0.044), and cryopreservation day 5/6 (AOR=0.421, 95% CI: 0.226-0.788; p=0.007) achieved statistical significance following binary logistic regression analysis. However, P administration type did not achieve statistical significance (p=0.731).
conclusionAs a novel option, SP has comparable efficacy in pregnancy outcomes and may be accepted as an alternative for luteal phase support in AC-FET cycles.
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