Observational studyClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2021
Impact of Acute Inflammation on Cytochromes P450 Activity Assessed by the Geneva Cocktail.
Observational study in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinically important alterations in pharmacogene expression in histologically severe nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Nature communications · 2023Pooled it
- The Cytokine Release Syndrome and/or the Proinflammatory Cytokines as Underlying Mechanisms of Downregulation of Drug Metabolism and Drug Transport: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Victim Drugs of this Drug-Disease Interaction Under Different Clinical Conditions.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review on disease-drug-drug interactions with immunomodulating drugs: A critical appraisal of risk assessment and drug labelling.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of Inflammation on Cytochromes P450 Activity in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Pooled it
- Evaluation of a pantoprazole and 4-desmethylpantoprazole-sulfate metabolic ratio as a novel CYP2C19 phenotyping method.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Trial
- A Phenotyping Tool for Seven Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and Two Transporters: Application to Examine the Effects of Clopidogrel and Gemfibrozil.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Trial
- CYP2D6 as an Emerging Endogenous Oxidative Stress Modulator in Cardiovascular Disease: Genetic, Pharmacological, and Redox Perspectives.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Drug-Drug Interaction Risk Assessment Strategies for Biologics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Literature-Based Evidence Mini-Review.Clinical and translational science · 2026Review
- Role of cytochrome phenotyping in patients with chronic noncancer pain with inadequate response to tramadol.Pain reports · 2026Article
- PharmVar GeneFocus: CYP1A2-Clinical Impact, Genetic Variation, and Updated Nomenclature.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Inflammation-driven variability in drug metabolism: Insights from voriconazole treatment of HSCT recipients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Delayed decrease in voriconazole concentration after resolution of inflammation in a patient with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: a case report.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2026Article
- Dietary caffeine to assess CYP1A2 activity, tailor clozapine doses, and predict treatment response: genetic, epigenetic and clinical analyses.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Association Between Levels of the Acute Phase Proteins Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein and C-Reactive Protein and Serum Concentrations of Clozapine: A Study of 1106 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Samples.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Feasibility of dried blood spot collection for caffeine pharmacokinetic studies in microgravity: Insights from parabolic flight campaigns.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Relevance and limitations of clinical follow-up in a pharmacokinetic study on direct oral anticoagulants.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Developmental age and clinical illness driveFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) interact with drug metabolism in vivo.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios correlate with increased clozapine concentration-to-dose ratios during titration.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The Impact of Hyperuricemia on Pharmacokinetics in Sprague-Dawley Rats.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 (CYP) are subject to important interindividual variability in their activity due to genetic and environmental factors and some diseases. Limited human data support the idea that inflammation downregulates CYP activities. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of orthopedic surgery (acute inflammation model) on the activity of six human CYP. This prospective observational study was conducted in 30 patients who underwent elective hip surgery at the Geneva University Hospitals in Switzerland. The Geneva phenotyping cocktail containing caffeine, bupropion, flurbiprofen, omeprazole, dextromethorphan, and midazolam as probe drugs respectively assessing CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A activities was administered orally before surgery, day 1 (D1) and 3 (D3) postsurgery and at discharge. Capillary blood samples were collected 2 hours after cocktail intake to assess metabolic ratios (MRs). Serum inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) were also measured in blood. CYP1A2 MRs decreased by 53% (P < 0.0001) between baseline and the nadir at D1. CYP2C19 and CYP3A activities (MRs) decreased by 57% (P = 0.0002) and 61% (P < 0.0001), respectively, with the nadir at D3. CYP2B6 and CYP2C9 MRs increased by 120% (P < 0.0001) and 79% (P = 0.018), respectively, and peaked at D1. Surgery did not have a significant impact on CYP2D6 MR. Hip surgery was a good acute inflammation model as CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α peak levels were reached between D1 and day 2 (D2). Acute inflammation modulated CYP activity in an isoform-specific manner, with different magnitudes and kinetics. Acute inflammation may thus have a clinically relevant impact on the pharmacokinetics of these CYP substrates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.