Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33341153›Full record

Trial reportThe Lancet. Global health2021

Group-based parenting interventions to promote child development in rural Kenya: a multi-arm, cluster-randomised community effectiveness trial.

Jill E Luoto, Italo Lopez Garcia, Frances E Aboud, Daisy R Singla, Lia C H Fernald, Helen O Pitchik, Uzaib Y Saya, Ronald Otieno, Edith Alu

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Lancet. Global health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03548558 (Testing Means to Scale Early Childhood Development Interventions in Rural Kenya), which is not on this map. Cited by 47 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03548558 nacompletednot on this map

Testing Means to Scale Early Childhood Development Interventions in Rural Kenya

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Southern CaliforniaRan2018 to 2021Enrolled1,152ConditionsEarly Child DevelopmentArmsGroup sessions, Group+Home sessions, Booster sessions, Fathers invited
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  12. Effects of Two Early Parenting Programmes on Child Aggression and Risk for Violence in Brazil: a Randomised Controlled Trial.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jill E LuotoRAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA. Electronic address: jluoto@rand.org.
Italo Lopez GarciaRAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Frances E AboudDepartment of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Daisy R SinglaDepartment of Psychiatry, Sinai Health and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Lia C H FernaldDivision of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Helen O PitchikDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Uzaib Y SayaRAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Ronald OtienoSafe Water and AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya.
Edith AluSafe Water and AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya.

Funding

Testing Means to Scale Early Childhood Development Interventions in Rural KenyaR01HD090045 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI LUOTO, JILL · 2017 to 2021
$3.3M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD090045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEarly childhood development (ECD) programmes can help address early disadvantages for the 43% of children younger than 5 years in low-income and middle-income countries who have compromised development. We aimed to test the effectiveness of two group-based delivery models for an integrated ECD responsive stimulation and nutrition education intervention using Kenya's network of community health volunteers.

methodsWe implemented a multi-arm, cluster-randomised community effectiveness trial in three rural subcounties across 60 villages (clusters) in western Kenya. Eligible participants were mothers or female primary caregivers aged 15 years or older with children aged 6-24 months at enrolment. If married or in established relationships, fathers or male caregivers aged 18 years or older were also eligible. Villages were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to one of three groups: group-only delivery with 16 fortnightly sessions; mixed delivery combining 12 group sessions with four home visits; and a comparison group. Villages in the intervention groups were randomly assigned (1:1) to invite or not invite fathers and male caregivers to participate. Households were surveyed at baseline and immediately post-intervention. Assessors were masked. Primary outcomes were child cognitive and language development (score on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development third edition), socioemotional development (score on the Wolke scale), and parental stimulation (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment inventory). Analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03548558.

findingsBetween Oct 1 and Nov 12, 2018, 1152 mother-child dyads were enrolled and randomly assigned (n=376 group-only intervention, n=400 mixed-delivery intervention, n=376 comparison group). At the 11-month endline survey (Aug 5-Oct 31, 2019), 1070 households were assessed for the primary outcomes (n=346 group only, n=373 mixed delivery, n=351 comparison). Children in group-only villages had higher cognitive (effect size 0·52 SD [95% CI 0·21-0·83]), receptive language (0·42 SD [0·08-0·77]), and socioemotional scores (0·23 SD [0·03-0·44]) than children in comparison villages at endline. Children in mixed-delivery villages had higher cognitive (0·34 SD [0·05-0·62]) and socioemotional scores (0·22 SD [0·05-0·38]) than children in comparison villages; there was no difference in language scores. Parental stimulation also improved for group-only (0·80 SD [0·49-1·11]) and mixed-delivery villages (0·77 SD [0·49-1·05]) compared with the villages in the comparison group. Including fathers in the intervention had no measurable effect on any of the primary outcomes.

interpretationParenting interventions delivered by trained community health volunteers in mother-child groups can effectively promote child development in low-resource settings and have great potential for scalability.

fundingEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health.

Indexed as

ParentingRural PopulationAdolescentAdultChild DevelopmentChild, PreschoolCognitionCommunity Health WorkersDeveloping CountriesEmotionsFemaleHealth EducationHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansInfantKenya

Identifiers

PMID33341153
PMCPMC8054650

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.