ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2021
3D Self-Organized Human Blood-Brain Barrier in a Microfluidic Chip.
Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Engineering Brain Injury In Vitro: Human iPSC-Based Organoids in Microfluidic Systems.Applied sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Harnessing Next-Generation 3D Cancer Models to Elucidate Tumor-Microbiome Crosstalk.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Advances in understanding the role of inflammatory factors and immune cells in the pathology of epilepsy, mediated by neuroimmune interactions within the gut-brain axis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Recent Developments in Glioblastoma-On-A-Chip for Advanced Drug Screening Applications.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell origin contributes to the antitumor effect of oncolytic virus carriers.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Article
- Bioavailability as Proof to Authorize the Clinical Testing of Neurodegenerative Drugs-Protocols and Advice for the FDA to Meet the ALS Act Vision.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Bridging Smart Nanosystems with Clinically Relevant Models and Advanced Imaging for Precision Drug Delivery.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Hybrid-integrated devices for mimicking malignant brain tumors ("tumor-on-a-chip") forFrontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Vat photopolymerization 3D printed microfluidic devices for organ-on-a-chip applications.Lab on a chip · 2023Review
- The Impact of the Cellular Environment and Aging on Modeling Alzheimer's Disease in 3D Cell Culture Models.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- In Vitro Models of the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier and Their Applications in the Development and Research of (Neuro)Pharmaceuticals.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Engineered Microphysiological Systems for Testing Effectiveness of Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies.Cancers · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A preclinical blood-brain barrier (BBB) model is important for the study of fundamental transport mechanisms and in accessing the delivery of small molecules and antibodies that target brain. Transwell assays for BBB models are easy to create and use but lack the true 3D anatomy of the brain microvasculature and also often the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that are important in ensuring a tight BBB. Here we describe the formation of a BBB that expresses neurovascular membrane transporters, tight junction, and extracellular matrix proteins using the coculture of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-EC), brain pericytes (PC), and astrocytes (AC) in a microfluidic device. The BBB model recapitulates human brain vascular permeability with values that are lower than conventional in vitro models and are comparable to in vivo measurements in rat brain. This in vitro BBB model can therefore be used to screen for brain-targeting drugs or to study neurovascular functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.