Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33340010›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Cardiology2021

Cardiac optogenetics: a decade of enlightenment.

Emilia Entcheva, Matthew W Kay

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
101citing papers in PubMed
9.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

101 citing papers in PubMed, 161 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  9. A wearable non-invasive sonogenetic pacemaker.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Stretchable large-area transparent nanowire composite arrays for label-free multimodal interrogation of cardiac physiology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  13. Smart Optogenetics for Real-Time Automated Control of Cardiac Electrical Activity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Emilia EntchevaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. entcheva@gwu.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-6251-3376
Matthew W KayDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. phymwk@gwu.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2756-5055
George Washington University · US

Funding

Scalable platform for optimizing human cardiac tissue engineering via optical pacing and on-demand oxygenationR01HL144157 · NHLBI · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI ENTCHEVA, EMILIA, KAY, MATTHEW W. · 2019 to 2022
$2.8M
Hypothalamic neuron activation to blunt myocardial remodeling during chronic sleep apneaR01HL146169 · NHLBI · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KAY, MATTHEW W. · 2019 to 2022
$2.6M
Novel Mechanisms that Restore Cardiac Parasympathetic Activity Limits Arrhythmias and Cardiac Dysfunction After Myocardial InfarctionR01HL147279 · NHLBI · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KAY, MATTHEW W., MENDELOWITZ, DAVID · 2020 to 2023
$2.3M
Restoration of Cardiac Parasympathetic Activity in Heart FailureR01HL133862 · NHLBI · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MENDELOWITZ, DAVID · 2016 to 2019
$1.8M
Low-intensity ultrasound for control of cardiac electromechanics: a mechanistic investigation.R21EB026152 · NIBIB · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI ENTCHEVA, EMILIA, ZDERIC, VESNA · 2018 to 2019
$439k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL133862NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL144157NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL146169NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL147279NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB026152
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The electromechanical function of the heart involves complex, coordinated activity over time and space. Life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias arise from asynchrony in these space-time events; therefore, therapies for prevention and treatment require fundamental understanding and the ability to visualize, perturb and control cardiac activity. Optogenetics combines optical and molecular biology (genetic) approaches for light-enabled sensing and actuation of electrical activity with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution and parallelism. The year 2020 marks a decade of developments in cardiac optogenetics since this technology was adopted from neuroscience and applied to the heart. In this Review, we appraise a decade of advances that define near-term (immediate) translation based on all-optical electrophysiology, including high-throughput screening, cardiotoxicity testing and personalized medicine assays, and long-term (aspirational) prospects for clinical translation of cardiac optogenetics, including new optical therapies for rhythm control. The main translational opportunities and challenges for optogenetics to be fully embraced in cardiology are also discussed.

Indexed as

Arrhythmias, CardiacCardiac ElectrophysiologyOptogeneticsVoltage-Sensitive Dye ImagingAnimalsCardiac Imaging TechniquesDisease Models, AnimalHeart DiseasesHumansOpsinsOptical ImagingPrecision MedicineTranslational Research, BiomedicalOpsins

Identifiers

PMID33340010
PMCPMC8127952
OpenAlexW3115266933

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.