ArticleDiabetes research and clinical practice2021
Incidence and predictors of type 1 diabetes among younger adults aged 20-45 years: The diabetes in young adults (DiYA) study.
Article in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Incidence of Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review From 32 Countries and Regions.Diabetes care · 2022Pooled it
- Predictive Autoantibodies Before the Diagnosis of Type I Diabetes in Adults.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Type 2 diabetes care: knowledge and clinical practice among medical practitioners at Medical Teaching Institute Mardan, Pakistan - a cross-sectional study.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Retrospective cohort study applying membership and utilisation criteria to electronic health records for diabetes incidence estimation in an integrated healthcare delivery system in Southern California.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Delayed Insulin Initiation by Age at Diagnosis in US Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Islet Autoantibodies in Adults Without Diabetes.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity Change in Different Stages of Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Association of waist-to-height ratio with all-cause and obesity-related mortality in adults: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Consensus guidance for monitoring individuals with islet autoantibody-positive pre-stage 3 type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2024Article
- Consensus Guidance for Monitoring Individuals With Islet Autoantibody-Positive Pre-Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2024Article
- Article
- 2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024Review
- Incidence of Diabetes Among Youth Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023.Diabetes care · 2023 · on this mapReview
- From Diabetes to Atherosclerosis: Potential of Metformin for Management of Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Improving clinical utility of GAD65 autoantibodies by electrochemiluminescence assay and clinical phenotype when identifying autoimmune adult-onset diabetes.Diabetologia · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo estimate incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to develop a T1D prediction model among young adults.
methodsAdults 20-45 years newly-diagnosed with diabetes in 2017 were identified within Kaiser Permanente's healthcare systems in California and invited for diabetes autoantibody (DAA) testing. Multiple imputation was conducted to assign missing DAA status. The primary outcome for incidence rates (IR) and the prediction model was T1D defined by ≥1 positive DAA.
resultsAmong 2,347,989 persons at risk, 7862 developed diabetes, 2063 had DAA measured, and 166 (8.0%) had ≥1 positive DAA. T1D IR (95% CI) per 100,000 person-years was 15.2 (10.2-20.1) for ages 20-29 and 38.2 (28.6-47.8) for ages 30-44 years. The age-standardized IRs were 32.5 (22.2-42.8) for men and 27.2 (21.0-34.5) for women. The age/sex-standardized IRs were 30.1 (23.5-36.8) overall; 41.4 (25.3-57.5) for Hispanics, 37.0 (11.6-62.4) for Blacks, 21.4 (14.3-28.6) for non-Hispanic Whites, and 19.4 (8.5-30.2) for Asians. Predictors of T1D among cases included female sex, younger age, lower BMI, insulin use and having T1D based on diagnostic codes.
conclusionsT1D may account for up to 8% of incident diabetes cases among young adults. Follow-up is needed to establish the clinical course of patients with one DAA at diagnosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.