ReviewEuropean journal of pediatrics2021
Gender incongruence and gender dysphoria in childhood and adolescence-current insights in diagnostics, management, and follow-up.
Review in European journal of pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endocrine Management of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents: Expert Opinion of the ESPE Working Group on Gender Incongruence and the Endo-ERN Main Thematic Group on Sexual Development and Maturation.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Guideline
- Do hormones and surgery improve the health of adults with gender incongruence? A systematic review of patient reported outcomes.ANZ journal of surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers toward gender dysphoria in Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Body composition following gender affirming hormone therapy in transgender individuals.The Indian journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Assessing gender dysphoria in Turkish adolescents: psychometric validation of the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale-Gender Spectrum.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Metabolic and Anthropometric Changes and Adverse Effects in Finnish Adolescents Using Gender-Affirming Hormonal Treatment.Transgender health · 2025Article
- General and transgender-specific quality of life in trans persons assigned female at birth: validation of the Essen Transgender Quality of Life-Inventory.Sexual medicine · 2025Article
- GnRH analogs as a monotherapy in transgender and gender-diverse adolescents: clinical insights from a single-center study.Endocrine connections · 2025Article
- Impact of Obesity on Outcomes of Gender-Affirming Mastectomies: A Single-Surgeon Experience.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Supporting Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender Diverse Youth During Solid Organ Transplantation.Pediatric transplantation · 2025Review
- Initial validity and reliability testing of the SGBA-5.PloS one · 2025Article
- Transgender and gender diverse individuals' perspectives on discussions of fetal sex chromosomes in obstetrics care.Journal of genetic counseling · 2024Article
- Gender identity in Klinefelter Syndrome: a patient-centered approach to treatment.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Rise in Gender Dysphoria Diagnoses and Legal Gender Changes in Sweden: 2005-2017.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Sexual and Gender Minority Sleep Health Disparities and Minority Stress in Early Adolescence.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2024Article
- Gender Diversity Among Youth Attending an Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment Program.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2024Article
- Gender Reassignment and the Role of the Laboratory in Monitoring Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Compassion need not be a scarce resource in health care for transgender and gender-diverse people.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024Article
- Adolescent gender dysphoria management: position paper from the Italian Academy of Pediatrics, the Italian Society of Pediatrics, the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, the Italian Society of Adolescent Medicine and the Italian Society of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- The Role of the Athletic Trainer in Providing Care to Transgender and Gender-Diverse Patients: Foundational Knowledge and Disparities-Part I.Journal of athletic training · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gender incongruence (GI) is defined as a condition in which the gender identity of a person does not align with the gender assigned at birth. Awareness and more social acceptance have paved the way for early medical intervention about two decades ago and are now part of good clinical practice although much robust data is lacking. Medical and mental treatment in adolescents with GI is complex and is recommended to take place within a team of mental health professionals, psychiatrists, endocrinologists, and other healthcare providers. The somatic treatment generally consists of the use of GnRH analogues to prevent the progression of biological puberty and subsequently gender-affirming hormonal treatment to develop sex characteristics of the self-identified gender and surgical procedures. However to optimize treatment regimens, long-term follow-up and additional studies are still needed. What is known • The prevalence of gender dysphoria increased significantly in the past years and can lead to significant complaints and burdens especially during puberty. • Pubertal suppression and gender-affirmed treatment can be effectively used in adolescence with gender dysphoria. What is new • Transgender mental and medical healthcare is a long-lasting process during which not only the child/adolescent with GI but also their parents/family have to be counseled in making choices about their social, medical, and legal transitions. • There are an increasing number of transgender persons defining as nonbinary. Therefore, an individualized approach by an experienced team is necessary.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.