ReviewIntensive care medicine experimental2020
Role of the adaptive immune response in sepsis.
Review in Intensive care medicine experimental, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetic mechanisms of Immune remodeling in sepsis: targeting histone modification.Cell death & disease · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in COVID-19 patients: a living systematic review and meta-analysis, first update.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Exploring the mechanism of polymorphonuclear neutrophils against sepsis based on immune model.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- An mPFC-DMV cortical-autonomic-immune axis governs stress-induced immune dysregulation in sepsis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- From Glycocalyx Shedding to Microvascular Collapse in Sepsis: Endothelial Pathophysiology, Organ Dysfunction, and Mechanistic Biomarkers.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Review
- Plantaricin BM-1 enhances anti-colorectal cancer effects by inhibiting CD8+ cytotoxic T cell apoptosis via the ERK/AP1/Bim signaling pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Whole transcriptome analysis reveals T cell signaling activation in septic patients with thrombocytopenia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immune Dysregulation in Sepsis. A Narrative Review for the Clinicians.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Immunodynamic Disruption in Sepsis: Mechanisms and Strategies for Personalized Immunomodulation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Current Insights into Glutathione Depletion in Adult Septic Patients.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Predictive value of combined inflammatory markers for septic cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome and sepsis in pediatric burns.Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries · 2025Article
- Is "pre-sepsis" the new sepsis? A narrative review.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Effects of Punicalagin and Meropenem in a Murine Model of Sublethal Sepsis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Complementary role of transcriptomic endotyping and protein-based biomarkers for risk stratification in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis and treatment strategies of sepsis-induced myocardial injury: modern and traditional medical perspectives.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Role of DNA methylation in regulating inflammatory cytokine expression in neonates with late-onset sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Identification of Biomarkers for Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury Through Bioinformatics and Machine Learning Approaches, with Experimental Validation.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Immune Signatures Distinguish Pure and Mixed Sepsis in Critical COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Bacteria and host: what does this mean for sepsis bottleneck?World journal of emergency medicine · 2025Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome of shock and dysfunction of multiple vital organs that is caused by an uncontrolled immune response to infection and has a high mortality rate. There are no therapies for sepsis, and it has become a global cause for concern. Advances in patient care and management now mean that most patients survive the initial hyper-inflammatory phase of sepsis but progress to a later immunosuppressed phase, where 30% of patients die due to secondary infection. Deficits in the adaptive immune response may play a major role in sepsis patient mortality. The adaptive immune response involves a number of cell types including T cells, B cells and dendritic cells, all with immunoregulatory roles aimed at limiting damage and returning immune homeostasis after infection or insult. However, in sepsis, adaptive immune cells experience cell death or exhaustion, meaning that they have defective effector and memory responses ultimately resulting in an ineffective or suppressed immune defence. CD4+ T cells seem to be the most susceptible to cell death during sepsis and have ensuing defective secretory profiles and functions. Regulatory T cells seem to evade apoptosis and contribute to the immune suppression observed with sepsis. Preclinical studies have identified a number of new targets for therapy in sepsis including anti-apoptotic agents and monoclonal antibodies aimed at reducing cell death, exhaustion and maintaining/restoring adaptive immune cell functions. While early phase clinical trials have demonstrated safety and encouraging signals for biologic effect, larger scale clinical trial testing is required to determine whether these strategies will prove effective in improving outcomes from sepsis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.