Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33336118›Full record

ArticleTobacco prevention & cessation2020

Disparity between cigarette and smokeless tobacco taxation among various WHO FCTC Parties.

Shivashankar Kengadaran, Divvi Anusha

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco prevention & cessation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Shivashankar KengadaranDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry, India.
Divvi AnushaDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTobacco taxation is the most effective way to prevent and reduce tobacco use. However, all tobacco products are not taxed in the same manner or same rate across countries. Hence, this study aimed to identify the total tobacco tax disparity among countries that are Parties to the WHO FCTC agreement.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among the signees of the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) treaty. The trends of taxation on cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products were retrieved from WHO FCTC reports published in 2017 and 2018; median tax percentages were then compared based on the economic status of the countries and their corresponding WHO region. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

resultsMaximum disparity between cigarette and smokeless tobacco taxation was observed in the South-East Asia region, followed by the Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific, and African regions. The disparity was comparatively less in the region of the Americas and the European region (p<0.05).

conclusionThere was variation in tobacco taxation among various FCTC Parties according to the economic status and WHO region of each country.

Indexed as

cigarettesdisparitysmokeless tobaccotaxation

Identifiers

PMID33336118
PMCPMC7737561

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.