Trial reportNature medicine2021
T cell and antibody responses induced by a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in a phase 1/2 clinical trial.
Erratum issuedOpen access · bronzeAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IClinical Trial, Phase IIRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in Nature medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 386 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
386citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
13.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
386 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 638 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- New Onset and Exacerbations of Psoriasis Following COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- Could β-glucans enhance the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine by inducing trained immunity and boosting neutralizing antibody production?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- A phase 3 randomized controlled trial of a COVID-19 recombinant vaccine S-268019-b versus ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in Japanese adults.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Multi-omics analysis reveals COVID-19 vaccine induced attenuation of inflammatory responses during breakthrough disease.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Human memory T cell dynamics after aluminum-adjuvanted inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Impact of vaccine platform and BCG vaccination on antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152) in children aged 2-18 years: interim data from an open-label, non-randomised, age de-escalation phase 2/3 study.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Durability of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination in people living with HIV.JCI insight · 2022Trial
- Dual-antigen AdV5 vaccines against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus induce superior humoral and Th1-biased cellular immunity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Developing Antiviral Vaccines Based on AttenuatedPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The immunogenicity and safety of adenoviral-based vaccines.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- AI-aided design of multi-epitope peptide vaccine elicits cellular and humoral immunity to broad Omicron subvariants.Zoological research · 2026Article
- Article
- Intranasal immunization with live-attenuated RSV-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccines elicits antigen-specific systemic and mucosal immunity and protects against viral challenge and natural infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Pre-COVID-19 ex vivo cross-reactive IFN-γ cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 spike overlapping peptides is more prevalent among Kenyan compared to Swedish adults.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
326 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
47 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Katie J Ewer *The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. katie.ewer@ndm.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9827-9836
Jordan R Barrett *The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0746-1945
Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer *The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Hannah SharpeThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1194-2429
Rebecca MakinsonThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Richard MorterThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Amy FlaxmanThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6460-1372
Daniel WrightThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8114-1838
Duncan BellamyThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Mustapha BittayeThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Christina DoldOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nicholas M ProvineNuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jeremy AboagyeThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jamie FowlerThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sarah E SilkThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jennifer AldersonThe Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Parvinder K AleyOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Brian AngusNuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3598-7784
Eleanor BerrieClinical Biomanufacturing Facility, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sagida BibiOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Paola CicconiOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Elizabeth A ClutterbuckOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Irina ChelyshevaOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7802-7025
Pedro M FolegattiThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-0240
Michelle FuskovaThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2146-4299
Catherine M GreenClinical Biomanufacturing Facility, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Daniel JenkinThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3088-310X
Simon KerridgeOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Alison LawrieThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Angela M MinassianThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7832-9824
Maria MooreOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Yama MujadidiOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2342-8531
Emma PlestedOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ian PoultonThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-8461
Maheshi N RamasamyOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2119-951X
Hannah RobinsonOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Rinn SongOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6877-1096
Matthew D SnapeOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Richard TarrantClinical Biomanufacturing Facility, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Merryn VoyseyOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Marion E E WatsonThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8570-2113
Alexander D DouglasThe Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5410-7562
Adrian V S Hill *The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-9629
Sarah C Gilbert *The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-9750
Andrew J Pollard *Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-719X
Teresa Lambe *The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Teresa.lambe@ndm.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7711-897X
Oxford COVID Vaccine Trial Group
University of Oxford · GBPublic Health England · GBLabCorp (United States) · USAcademy of Medical Sciences · GBAstraZeneca (United Kingdom) · GBCentre for Human Genetics · GBOxford University Hospitals NHS Trust · GB
Funding
Medical Research Council G0600520Medical Research Council G1001046Medical Research Council MC_PC_19055Medical Research Council MC_PC_19058Medical Research Council MC_UU_00008/11Medical Research Council MR/L006588/1Medical Research Council MR/L018942/1Medical Research Council MR/T001151/1NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400008CWellcome Trust 109965/Z/15/Z
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has caused a global pandemic, and safe, effective vaccines are urgently needed
Indexed as
AdolescentAntibody FormationCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesChAdOx1 nCoV-19COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesDose-Response Relationship, ImmunologicFemaleHumansImmunity, CellularImmunity, HumoralImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin MInterferon-gammaLymphocyte ActivationChAdOx1 nCoV-19COVID-19 VaccinesImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin MInterferon-gammaProtein SubunitsSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.