ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
The Impacts of National Centralized Drug Procurement Policy on Drug Utilization and Drug Expenditures: The Case of Shenzhen, China.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of pooled procurement of medicines and vaccines: identifying elements of success.Globalization and health · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Unintended consequences of National centralized volume-based drug procurement policy in China: a game theory-based analytical approach for pharmaceutical quality and pricing.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2026Article
- Drug price trends, regional disparities, and supply shortages under China's National Volume-Based Procurement: a nationwide analysis (2018-2024).BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Analysis of the impact of national centralized volume-based procurement drug policy on the market dynamics of tuberculosis drugs.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- The Contingent Payoff of Transparency: The Mediating Roles of Citizen Participation and Enforcement in Health Service Delivery Improvement.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2026Review
- The impact of centralized volume-based procurement policy on dental implant procurement volume in medical institutions of a Western Province in China-a single-group and double-group interruption time series analysis.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Impact of the volume-based procurement for intraocular lenses combined with the diagnosis-related group's payment reform on hospitalization costs and expenditure structure among cataract patients: an interrupted time series analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Direct hospitalization costs of children withFrontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Characteristics and economic burden of hospitalized tuberculosis patients in Guangdong Province, China, from 2017 to 2023: a population-based study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The triple burden: A systematic review and meta-analysis of essential medicine availability, price, and affordability across Ethiopian health facilities.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2025Review
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of outpatients regarding National centralized drug procurement policy: a multicenter cross-sectional study in North China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Changes in Clinical Trials of Dermatological Drugs in Mainland China Between 2016 and 2022: A Narrative Review.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2025Review
- A scoping review of Chinese national policies to promote the three-medicals linkage reform since 2014.npj health systems · 2025Article
- Intended and Unintended Impacts of '4+7' Volume-Based Drug Procurement on the Use of Drugs in China: A Natural Experimental Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of China's National Volume-Based Procurement policy exclusively for insulin on the volume, expenditure and price: an interrupted time series analysis in Guangdong Province.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Pharmaceutical expenditure changes under the volume-based procurement policy: Effects and influencing factors.PloS one · 2025Article
- Impact of China's National Volume-Based Drug Procurement: A Multilevel Interrupted Time Series Analysis on Medical Expenditures in Hypertensive Patients.International journal of health policy and management · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In 2019, the Chinese government implemented the first round of the National Centralized Drug Procurement (NCDP) pilot (so-called "4 + 7" policy) in mainland China, in which 25 drugs were included. We conducted this study to examine the impacts of NCDP policy on drug utilization and expenditures, and to clarify the main factors contributing to drug expenditure changes. This study used drug purchasing order data from the Centralized Drug Procurement Survey in Shenzhen 2019. Drugs related to the "4 + 7" policy were selected as study samples, including 23 "4 + 7" policy-related varieties and 15 basic alternative drugs. Driving factors for drug expenditures changes were analyzed using A.M. index system analysis (Addis A. & Magrini N.' method). After the implementation of the NCDP policy, the volume of "4 + 7" policy-related varieties increased by 73.8%, among which winning products jumped by 1638.2% and non-winning products dropped by 70.8%; the expenditures of "4 + 7" policy-related varieties decreased by 36.9%. Structure effects (0.47) and price effects (0.78) negatively contributed to the increase in drug expenditures of "4 + 7" policy-related varieties, while volume effects (1.73) had positive influence. NCDP policy successfully decreased drug expenditures of "4 + 7" policy-related varieties with structure effects playing a leading role. However, total drug expenditures were not effectively controlled due to the increasing use of alternative drugs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.