ArticleInternational journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery2021
A virtual reality-based data analysis for optimizing freehand external ventricular drain insertion.
Article in International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- VIVIE: Virtually Integrated Ventricular Intervention Environment and its effectiveness as a teaching and learning tool.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026Article
- Insights from using biplanar intersection for freehand frontal ventriculostomy: a retrospective case-control study with virtual simulation.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Accuracy, Hemorrhagic Complications and CT Radiation Dose of Emergency External Ventricular Drain (EVD) Placement in Pediatric Patients: A 15-Year Retrospective Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Virtual Reality in the Neurosciences: Current Practice and Future Directions.Frontiers in surgery · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis work exploits virtual reality technique to analyse and optimize the preoperative planning of freehand external ventricular drain (EVD) insertion. Based on the three-dimensional (3D) virtual brain models, neurosurgeons can directly observe the anatomical landmarks and complete the simulated EVD insertion. Simulation data is used to optimize preoperative planning parameters to ensure the surgical performance.
methodsWe used the computed tomography (CT) scans to construct the 3D virtual brain models. A group of EVD insertions were simulated by inserting virtual catheters at different entry points. The key parameters including the location of entry point, the catheter orientation, the catheter tip position on lateral ventricles, and the insertion depth were recorded. A data analysis method was then applied to optimize these parameters, resulting in the optimal parameters for the EVD insertion.
resultsWhen the lateral distance of entry point ranged from 2.5 to 3 cm, the success rate of 204 cases was 97.79%, which was higher than that of the classic method (59.52%). The optimal insertion angle towards the sagittal plane ranged from 10.46° to 12.73°. To prevent penetrating the lateral ventricles, the insertion depth was optimized to be 3.28 to 4.58 cm.
conclusionsThe proposed data analysis method is helpful to optimize the key parameters of the preoperative planning, and provides useful references for neurosurgeons to perform the freehand EVD insertion. The EVD insertion experiments on 3D printing model had a success rate of 93.75%, which verified the effectiveness of the data analysis.
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