ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2020
The Influence of Predictability and Controllability on Stress Responses to the Aversive Component of a Virtual Fence.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- A matter of age? How age affects the adaptation of lactating dairy cows to virtual fencing.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- Stress indicators in dairy cows adapting to virtual fencing.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- Animal affect, welfare and the Bayesian brain.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2024Review
- Behavioral Adaptations of Nursing Brangus Cows to Virtual Fencing: Insights from a Training Deployment Phase.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Stakeholder Challenges and Opportunities of GPS Shock Collars to Achieve Optimum Welfare in a Conservation or Farm Setting.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Attitudes towards the Potential Use of Aversive Geofencing Devices to Manage Wild Elephant Movement.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Automated Virtual Fencing Can Effectively Contain Sheep: Field Trials and Prospects.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Current and Future Approaches to Mitigate Conflict between Humans and Asian Elephants: The Potential Use of Aversive Geofencing Devices.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Towards a Virtual Fencing System: Training Domestic Sheep Using Audio Stimuli.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Is Virtual Fencing an Effective Way of Enclosing Cattle? Personality, Herd Behaviour and Welfare.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Article
- Stocking density, restricted trough space, and implications for sheep behaviour and biological functioning.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to Assess the Welfare Impacts of a New Virtual Fencing Technology.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- The Relationship Between Perceived Control and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Reactivity to the Trier Social Stress Test in Healthy Young Adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To ensure animal welfare is not compromised, virtual fencing must be predictable and controllable, and this is achieved through associative learning. To assess the influence of predictability and controllability on physiological and behavioral responses to the aversive component of a virtual fence, two methods of training animals were compared. In the first method, positive punishment training involved sheep learning that after an audio stimulus, an electrical stimulus would follow only when they did not respond by stopping or turning at the virtual fence (predictable controllability). In the second method, classical conditioning was used to associate an audio stimulus with an electrical stimulus on all occasions (predictable uncontrollability). Eighty Merino ewes received one of the following treatments: control (no training and no stimuli in testing); positive punishment training with an audio stimulus in testing (PP); classical conditioning training with only an audio stimulus in testing (CC1); and classical conditioning training with an audio stimulus followed by electrical stimulus in testing (CC2). The stimuli were applied manually with an electronic collar. Training occurred on 4 consecutive days with one session per sheep per day. Sheep were then assessed for stress responses to the cues by measuring plasma cortisol, body temperature and behaviors. Predictable controllability (PP) sheep showed no differences in behavioral and physiological responses compared with the control treatment (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.