ReviewFrontiers in medicine2020
Sarcoidosis and Cancer: A Complex Relationship.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cisplatin-induced sarcoidosis-like reaction after primary chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer.BMJ case reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Kidney Involvement in Sarcoidosis-Lymphoma Syndrome: A Report of Two Cases.CEN case reports · 2026Article
- Exploring the Risk: Investigating the Association Between Elderly-Onset Sarcoidosis (EOS) and Malignancy.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- T-Cell Lymphoma With Sarcoid-Like Reaction and Secondary Myelofibrosis: A Unique Case Report and Literature Review.Case reports in hematology · 2026Article
- The association between sarcoidosis and lymphoma: a retrospective and multicentre study of 46 patients.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2025Article
- Sarcoid-like reactions in patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors for advanced solid tumors.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Pathogenetic Mechanisms Linking Sarcoidosis to Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- I just hurt myself out in the garden… right?Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2025Article
- Sarcoidosis misdiagnosed as pulmonary malignancy: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- The Association Between Sarcoidosis and Malignancy: A Comprehensive Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Tattoos and Risk of Hematologic Cancer: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Utah.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Sarcoidosis and Cancer: The Role of the Granulomatous Reaction as a Double-Edged Sword.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Paraneoplastic ocular sarcoid-like reaction in the setting of pulmonary sarcoid-like reaction and lung adenocarcinoma: A case report and literature review.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Sarcoidosis and lymphoma mortality risk: An observational study from the Spanish National Registry.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2024Article
- Article
- A Multichannel CT and Radiomics-Guided CNN-ViT (RadCT-CNNViT) Ensemble Network for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Navigating the Maze: Exploring Non-Oncological Complexities in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.Cancers · 2024Article
- Sarcoidosis With Multiple Bone Lesions Mimicking Advanced Lung Cancer With Multiple Bone Metastases.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of non-caseating granulomas in various organs, mainly the lungs, and the lymphatic system. Since the individualization of sarcoidosis-lymphoma association by Brincker et al., the relationship between sarcoidosis or granulomatous syndromes and malignancies has been clarified through observational studies worldwide. Two recent meta-analyses showed an increased risk of neoplasia in sarcoidosis. The granulomatosis can also reveal malignancy, either solid or hematological, defining paraneoplastic sarcoidosis. Recent cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (targeting PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA-4) and BRAF or MEK inhibitors were also reported as possible inducers of sarcoidosis-like reactions. Sarcoidosis and neoplasia, especially lymphoma, can show overlapping presentations, thus making the diagnosis and treatment harder to deal with. There are currently no formal recommendations to guide the differential diagnosis workup between the evolution of lymphoma or a solid cancer and a granulomatous reaction associated with neoplasia. Thus, in atypical presentations (e.g., deeply impaired condition, compressive lymphadenopathy, atypical localization, unexplained worsening lymphadenopathy, or splenomegaly), and treatment-resistant disease, targeted biopsies on suspect localizations with histological examination could help the clinician to differentiate neoplasia from sarcoidosis. Pathological diagnosis could sometimes be challenging since very few tumor cells may be surrounded by massive granulomatous reaction. The sensitization of currently available diagnostic tools should improve the diagnostic accuracy, such as the use of more "cancer-specific" radioactive tracers coupled with Positron Emission Tomography scan.
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