ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2020
The Microbiome of Leonardo da Vinci's Drawings: A Bio-Archive of Their History.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metagenomic and microbiological analyses of historical manuscripts for bacterial community profiling and bacteria-related biodeterioration assessment.Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2026Article
- Bio-Archive of Cultural Heritage Microbiomes for Sustainable Conservation in the Multi-Omics Era.Advanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Microbial Art Fixation on Agar Plate: MicArt Fixation for Microbiology Teaching.Journal of basic microbiology · 2025Article
- Fungal biodeterioration and preservation of cultural heritage, artwork, and historical artifacts: extremophily and adaptation.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Metagenomic analysis reveals taxonomic and functional diversity of microbial communities on the deteriorated wall paintings of Qinling Tomb in the Southern Tang Dynasty, China.BMC microbiology · 2023Article
- Touching the (almost) untouchable: a minimally invasive workflow for microbiological and biomolecular analyses of cultural heritage objects.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Da Vinci's yeast: Blastobotrys davincii f.a., sp. nov.Yeast (Chichester, England) · 2023Article
- The Neolithic site "La Marmotta": DNA metabarcoding to identify the microbial deterioration of waterlogged archeological wood.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Microbes on the "peachy spots" of ancient Kaihua paper: microbial community and functional analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Development of a fixative protocol using formaldehyde and gluteraldehyde for preservation of microbial art on agar plates.Journal of applied microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Natural sciences at the service of art and cultural heritage: an interdisciplinary area in development and important challenges.Microbial biotechnology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Seven emblematic Leonardo da Vinci's drawings were investigated through third generation sequencing technology (Nanopore). In addition, SEM analyses were carried out to acquire photographic documentation and to infer the nature of the micro-objects removed from the surface of the drawings. The Nanopore generated microbiomes can be used as a "bio-archive" of the drawings, offering a kind of fingerprint for current and future biological comparisons. This information might help to create a biological catalog of the drawings (cataloging), a microbiome-fingerprint for each single analyzed drawing, as a reference dataset for future studies (monitoring) and last but not least a bio-archive of the history of each single object (added value). Results showed a relatively high contamination with human DNA and a surprising dominance of bacteria over fungi. However, it was possible to identify typical bacteria of the human microbiome, which are mere contaminants introduced by handling of the drawings as well as other microorganisms that seem to have been introduced through vectors, such as insects and their droppings, visible through the SEM analyses. All drawings showed very specific bio-archives, but a core microbiome of bacteria and fungi that are repeatedly found in this type of material as true degraders were identified, such as members of the phyla
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