ArticleGut2021
Human milk oligosaccharide DSLNT and gut microbiome in preterm infants predicts necrotising enterocolitis.
Article in Gut, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
140 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 209 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prebiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Synbiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of early antibiotic exposure on necrotizing enterocolitis and growth in extremely preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2025Trial
- Powdered human milk-derived versus bovine milk-derived breastmilk fortification: A multi-centre preterm randomised controlled trial.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2025Trial
- Mechanisms affecting the gut of preterm infants in enteral feeding trials: a nested cohort within a randomised controlled trial of lactoferrin.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2023Trial
- Effect of an Exclusive Human Milk Diet on the Gut Microbiome in Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Decoding the HMO‒microbiome axis: bridging maternal milk to infant health outcomes.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Beyond early diagnosis: toward AI-enabled multi-omics prediction of necrotizing enterocolitis.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Article
- β3-Adrenergic Signaling Preserves Postnatal Maturation of the Enteric Nervous System and Gut Microbiome During Neonatal Hyperoxia.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiome in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis - A Comprehensive Review of Evidence.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2026Review
- Human Milk as a Model for Next-Generation Infant Formula: Opportunities and Challenges.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- From homeostasis to dysregulation: human milk, microbial metabolites, and the preterm intestinal microenvironment in necrotizing enterocolitis.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Immunoglobulin A concentration is lower in mothers' own milk and infant stool in infants who develop necrotising enterocolitis.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Varied human milk oligosaccharides in human milk from mothers treated with antidepressants and anti-inflammatories.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota in necrotizing enterocolitis: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- The role of human milk oligosaccharides in shaping and restoring infant gut microbiota: population-based cohort study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Mother-to-offspring microbial vertical transmission: timing, determinants, and impact on offspring susceptibility to gastrointestinal diseases.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- Total Chemical Synthesis of the Human Milk Oligosaccharide Disialyllacto-Organic letters · 2026Article
- Necrotizing enterocolitis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveNecrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease primarily affecting preterm infants. The underlying mechanisms are poorly understood: mother's own breast milk (MOM) is protective, possibly relating to human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) and infant gut microbiome interplay. We investigated the interaction between HMO profiles and infant gut microbiome development and its association with NEC.
designWe performed HMO profiling of MOM in a large cohort of infants with NEC (n=33) with matched controls (n=37). In a subset of 48 infants (14 with NEC), we also performed longitudinal metagenomic sequencing of infant stool (n=644).
resultsConcentration of a single HMO, disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), was significantly lower in MOM received by infants with NEC compared with controls. A MOM threshold level of 241 nmol/mL had a sensitivity and specificity of 0.9 for NEC. Metagenomic sequencing before NEC onset showed significantly lower relative abundance of
conclusionThese results demonstrate the importance of HMOs and gut microbiome in preterm infant health and disease. The findings offer potential targets for biomarker development, disease risk stratification and novel avenues for supplements that may prevent life-threatening disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.