ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2021
School-entry requirements for HPV vaccination: part of the patchwork for HPV-related cancer prevention.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human papillomavirus vaccination at age 9 or 10 years to increase coverage - a narrative review of the literature, United States 2014-2024.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Achieving Cancer Prevention Equity: A Policy Analysis of American Cancer Society HPV Vaccination Guidelines.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Article
- Rural-urban disparities in human papillomavirus vaccination: Findings from a cross-sectional survey of 13 southern US states, December 2019-January 2020.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- Improving United States HPV vaccination rates: Factors predictive of parental attitudes towards middle school entry requirements.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Implementing a School-Entry Mandate for the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: Benefits and Challenges.Cureus · 2024Review
- Perceptions of a State-Level HPV Vaccine Mandate and Exemption Option in Rural Virginia: A Qualitative Study.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Multilevel perspectives on school-based opportunities to improve HPV vaccination among medically underserved adolescents: Beyond school entry mandates.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Individual, systemic and state factors associated with provider recommendation of HPV vaccination: Findings from NIS-Teen, 2020.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- COVID-19 vaccine uptake and attitudes towards mandates in a nationally representative U.S. sample.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- Key stakeholder perspectives on challenges and opportunities for rural HPV vaccination in North and South Carolina.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Human papillomavirus vaccine initiation and up-to-date vaccine coverage for adolescents after the implementation of school-entry policy in Puerto Rico.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination can prevent six types of HPV-related cancers, and approximately, 54.2% of adolescents are up-to-date with the HPV vaccine in the United States. While moderate success has been achieved with provider- and parent-focused interventions, HPV vaccination in the U.S. lags well behind desired goals. In order to maximize HPV vaccination and prevention of HPV-related cancers, it may be prudent to consider state policy approaches, such as school-entry requirements as part of the patchwork of provider, parent, and structural interventions. In this paper, we reviewed the history of efforts to implement school-entry requirements for HPV vaccine, the challenges and benefits associated with implementing these requirements, and the evidence for the effectiveness of school-entry requirements. In addition, we presented new data from Rhode Island's Immunization Information System (IIS) showing how their school-entry requirement, implemented in 2015, has impacted HPV vaccination rates. These registry data indicate that HPV vaccination rates improved significantly after the 2014-2015 school year and policy implementation, and add to the ongoing evidence supporting the value of school-entry requirements for HPV vaccination. School-entry requirements should be considered alongside other initiatives and policies for promoting HPV vaccine uptake. Taking a comprehensive systems approach to HPV vaccination is needed.
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