ReviewThe journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians2022
The natural history of fetal gallstones: a case series and updated literature review.
Review in The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is it Safe to Perform Concomitant Cholecystectomy in Patients With Confirmed Gallbladder Disease Undergoing Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery? An Updated Meta-Analysis.Obesity surgery · 2025Pooled it
- The Safety and Necessity of Concomitant Cholecystectomy During Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Obesity: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Obesity surgery · 2021Pooled it
- Neonatal cholelithiasis, an unusual association with twin anemia and polycythemia sequence: A case report.Journal of neonatal-perinatal medicine · 2025Article
- Echogenic Content in the Fetal Gallbladder: Systematic Review of Ultrasound Features and Clinical Outcome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Etiology of Cholelithiasis in Children and Adolescents-A Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Fetal Gallstones in a Newborn after Maternal COVID-19 Infection.Case reports in pediatrics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe incidence of fetal gallstones is estimated at 0.45% and its clinical relevance after birth remains unknown. This study aimed to describe the natural history of fetal gallstones and their clinical sequelae after birth.
methodsWe queried a database of fetuses referred for second and third trimester sonograms performed for high-risk pregnancies, and identified cases with fetal gallstones (1996-2019). Demographics, prenatal/postnatal imaging findings, and clinical sequelae were collected. A literature review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.
resultsWe screened approximately 200,000 obstetric sonograms; 34 fetuses were found to have cholelithiasis. The median gestational age at the time of sonogram was 35 weeks (range 22-38). Fifty-six percent were female and 11.8% were twin pregnancies with one affected fetus. Median maternal age was 28 years (range 17-42). Eight fetuses underwent postnatal imaging and 4 had persistent cholelithiasis. There was one case of DISCUSSION/
conclusionsNo child developed postnatal clinical sequelae related to cholelithiasis identified in utero. Fetal cholelithiasis can be managed expectantly without follow-up imaging in asymptomatic patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.