Historical review: a short history of German neurology - from its origins to the 1940s.

A Karenberg, H Fangerau, H Steinmetz, P Berlit, M Grond

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Neurological research and practice, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 40% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

A KarenbergUniversity of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute for the History of Medicine and Medical Ethics, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 20, 50931 Cologne, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2016-0701

H FangerauInstitute for the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.

H SteinmetzDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital/Goethe University Frankfurt, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

P BerlitGerman Society of Neurology, Reinhardtstr. 27 c, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

M GrondGerman Society of Neurology, Reinhardtstr. 27 c, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

German Society of Surgery · DEDüsseldorf University Hospital · DEGoethe University Frankfurt · DEUniversity of Cologne · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper aims at reconstructing the development and role of German neurology between 1840 and 1940. Therefore a couple of original sources as well as selected material form the scattered secondary literature were assessed and reviewed. Since the middle of the nineteenth century, an intricate process of separation from internal medicine and psychiatry gradually led to forming a self-conscious community of German neurologists. While Moritz Heinrich Romberg had constructed a cognitive basis for neurology, scientific founders such as Wilhelm Erb, Carl Wernicke, Alois Alzheimer, Hermann Oppenheim, Max Nonne, and many others established the new discipline within modern medicine. In 1891, the first generation of "pure" neurologists succeeded in founding the German Journal for Neurology (

Indexed as

GermanyNational socialism/historyNeurology/historySpecialization/history

Identifiers

PMID33324880

DOI10.1186/s42466-019-0019-z

PMCPMC7650065

OpenAlexW2946069875

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.