ArticleInnovation in aging2020
Perceived Discrimination Trajectories and Depressive Symptoms Among Middle-Aged and Older Black Adults.
Article in Innovation in aging, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racism and Older Black Americans' Health: a Systematic Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Discrimination and depressive symptoms: the role of psychological resilience across racial and ethnic groups.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Social determinants of health as predictors of latent symptom clusters in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A secondary analysis of the HOPE consortium randomized trial.The journal of pain · 2026Article
- Age, Intersectional Discrimination, and Health in Black Transgender Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Hope, Mindfulness, and Anxiety in the Context of Racial Discrimination Among Black Young Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Correlates of longitudinal patterns of racial discrimination in midlife and older Black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Experiences of discrimination across the transition to parenthood and postpartum depression severity among Black women.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Cohort Differences in Perceived Discrimination Trajectories among Aging Black Americans.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Prior exposure to racial discrimination and patterns of acute parasympathetic nervous system responses to a race-related stress task among Black adults.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Age-varying association between discrimination, childhood family support, and substance use disorders among Latin American immigrants in the United States.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · 2024Article
- Article
- Interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptoms among older Black and African American adults.PloS one · 2024Article
- Lifetime vicarious experiences of major discrimination and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older black adults.Aging & mental health · 2023Article
- Article
- Queer Aging: Older Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults' Visions of Late Life.Innovation in aging · 2023Article
- Evaluation of health behaviors and overall quality of life in younger adult African American cancer survivors.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- How Skin Tone Influences Relationships Between Discrimination, Psychological Distress, and Self-Rated Mental Health Among Older African Americans.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- Inner child of the past: long-term protective role of childhood relationships with mothers and fathers and maternal support for mental health in middle and late adulthood.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2022Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Major and Everyday Discrimination Among Older Adults: African Americans, Black Caribbeans, and Non-Latino Whites.Journal of aging and health · 2022Article
- The Role of Church Support Networks in the Relationship between Discrimination and Psychiatric Disorders among Older African Americans.Review of religious research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesPerceived discrimination is a risk factor for poor mental health. However, most studies measure discrimination at one time point, which does not account for heterogeneity in the cumulative patterning of exposure to discrimination. To address this gap, we examine the association between discrimination trajectories and depressive symptoms among black middle-aged and older adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsData were analyzed from a subsample of black Health and Retirement Study respondents (2006-2018,
resultsIndividuals in the persistently high (incident rate ratio [IRR]: 1.70; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49-1.95) and moderate general discrimination trajectories (IRR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.06-1.33) were more likely to have elevated depressive symptoms in comparison to those in the persistently low trajectory. This relationship was strongest among older adults aged older than 65 years. Respondents in the persistently high racial discrimination trajectory (IRR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.29-1.73) had a higher risk of elevated depressive symptoms in comparison to respondents in the persistently low trajectory. Sensitivity analyses indicated that there was an independent association between persistently high racial discrimination trajectory class and elevated depressive symptoms, after adjusting for racial discrimination measured at a single time point. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Characterizing longitudinal patterns of perceived discrimination may facilitate the stratification of mental health risk and vulnerability among black middle-aged and older adults. Trajectories of racial discrimination may inform risk of worse depressive symptoms more accurately than a single assessment of discrimination.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.