SynthesisBMJ open sport & exercise medicine2020
Motor competence assessments for children with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Instrumentos que avaliam a mobilidade de crianças e adolescentes com transtorno do espectro autista: Uma revisão sistemática e mapa de decisão.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Instruments assessing mobility of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and decision map.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Exercise dose architecture as a precision-informed developmental framework in autism spectrum disorder: a narrative review of mechanisms, sex- and development-related heterogeneity, and clinical translation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Assessments Related to the Physical, Affective and Cognitive Domains of Physical Literacy Amongst Children Aged 7-11.9 Years: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2021Pooled it
- Valid when valued: A community-engaged framework and toolkit to improve identification of autistic people's motor difficulties in research and practice.Autism in adulthood · 2026Article
- Fundamental Movement Skill Development in Children With Intellectual Disabilities: An 8-Week Coach-Led and Parent-Supported Intervention.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026Article
- Balance and Coordination Improvements in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Resulting from a Hydrotherapy Intervention.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Test-retest reliability of the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 instrument for children with Down syndrome.African journal of disability · 2026Article
- Effects of adapted physical activity on the motor development of children with mild intellectual disability.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2025Article
- A qualitative exploratory study of teachers' perceptions of movement behavior of students with intellectual disabilities in the school context.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Associations between motor competence and physical activity levels of children with intellectual disabilities and/or autism spectrum disorder: Movement matters.Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID · 2024Article
- A remotely-delivered pilot and feasibility program to promote physical and food literacy in adolescents with intellectual disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2024Article
- Improved motor skills in autistic children after three weeks of neurologic music therapy via telehealth: a pilot study.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Motor Competence between Children with and without Additional Learning Needs: A Cross-Sectional Population-Level Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Motor Skills, Heart Rate Variability, and Arterial Stiffness in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Need for a Motor Assessment Tool for Children with Autism-An Opinion Article.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Exploring the motor skill proficiency barrier among children with intellectual disabilities: Analysis at a behavioural component level.PloS one · 2023Article
- Investigation of the effects of physical education activities on motor skills and quality of life in children with intellectual disability.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2023Article
- Motor Competence in Individuals with Down Syndrome: Is an Improvement Still Possible in Adulthood?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Motor Function Among Autistic and Typically Developed Children.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveGross motor competence is essential for daily life functioning and participation in physical activities. Prevalence of gross motor competence in children with intellectual disabilities (ID) and/or autism is unclear. This systematic review aimed to identify appropriate assessments for children with ID and/or autism. DESIGN & DATA SOURCES: An electronic literature search was conducted using the EBSCOhost platform searching MEDLINE, Education Research Complete, ERIC, CINAHL Plus and SPORTDiscus databases. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Included studies sampled children with ID and/or autism aged between 1 and 18 yrs, used field-based gross motor competence assessments, reported measurement properties, and were published in English. The utility of assessments were appraised for validity, reliability, responsiveness and feasibility.
resultsThe initial search produced 3182 results, with 291 full text articles screened. 13 articles including 10 assessments of motor competence were included in this systematic review. There was limited reporting across measurement properties, mostly for responsiveness and some aspects of validity. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 followed by The Test of Gross Motor Development-2 demonstrated the greatest levels of evidence for validity and reliability. Feasibility results were varied, most instruments required little additional equipment (n=8) and were suitable for a school setting, but, additional training (n=7) was needed to score and interpret the results.
conclusionThis review found the BOT-2 followed by the TGMD-2 to be the most psychometrically appropriate motor competency assessments for children with ID and/or autism in field-based settings. Motor competence assessment research is limited for these cohorts and more research is needed. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019129464.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.