Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33324413›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020

C-Reactive Protein and Cancer-Diagnostic and Therapeutic Insights.

Peter C Hart, Ibraheem M Rajab, May Alebraheem, Lawrence A Potempa

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 174 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
174citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
9.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

174 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 260 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index predicts biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2026
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114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Peter C HartRoosevelt University, College of Science, Health and Pharmacy, Schaumburg, IL, United States.
Ibraheem M RajabRoosevelt University, College of Science, Health and Pharmacy, Schaumburg, IL, United States.
May AlebraheemRoosevelt University, College of Science, Health and Pharmacy, Schaumburg, IL, United States.
Lawrence A PotempaRoosevelt University, College of Science, Health and Pharmacy, Schaumburg, IL, United States.
Roosevelt University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer disease describes any pathology involving uncontrolled cell growth. As cells duplicate, they can remain localized in defined tissues, forming tumor masses and altering their microenvironmental niche, or they can disseminate throughout the body in a metastatic process affecting multiple tissues and organs. As tumors grow and metastasize, they affect normal tissue integrity and homeostasis which signals the body to trigger the acute phase inflammatory response. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a predominant protein of the acute phase response; its blood levels have long been used as a minimally invasive index of any ongoing inflammatory response, including that occurring in cancer. Its diagnostic significance in assessing disease progression or remission, however, remains undefined. By considering the recent understanding that CRP exists in multiple isoforms with distinct biological activities, a unified model is advanced that describes the relevance of CRP as a mediator of host defense responses in cancer. CRP in its monomeric, modified isoform (mCRP) modulates inflammatory responses by inserting into activated cell membranes and stimulating platelet and leukocyte responses associated with acute phase responses to tumor growth. It also binds components of the extracellular matrix in involved tissues. Conversely, CRP in its pentameric isoform (pCRP), which is the form quantified in diagnostic measurements of CRP, is notably less bioactive with weak anti-inflammatory bioactivity. Its accumulation in blood is associated with a continuous, low-level inflammatory response and is indicative of unresolved and advancing disease, as occurs in cancer. Herein, a novel interpretation of the diagnostic utility of CRP is presented accounting for the unique properties of the CRP isoforms in the context of the developing pro-metastatic tumor microenvironment.

Indexed as

Acute-Phase ReactionBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinHumansInflammationNeoplasmsTumor MicroenvironmentBiomarkersC-Reactive Proteinacute phase responseC-reactive proteininflammationmonomeric C-reactive proteintumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID33324413
PMCPMC7727277
OpenAlexW3108008028

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.