Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33324162›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in molecular neuroscience2020

A Neurotoxic

Alberto Granzotto, Lorella M T Canzoniero, Stefano L Sensi

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Observational
  7. Alcohol Use Disorder Affects Brain Metals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Alberto GranzottoSue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
Lorella M T CanzonieroDepartment of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.
Stefano L SensiCenter for Advanced Sciences and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
University of California, Irvine · USUniversity of Chieti-Pescara · ITUniversity of Sannio · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fifty years ago, the seminal work by John Olney provided the first evidence of the neurotoxic properties of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. A process hereafter termed excitotoxicity. Since then, glutamate-driven neuronal death has been linked to several acute and chronic neurological conditions, like stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Mechanisms linked to the overactivation of glutamatergic receptors involve an aberrant cation influx, which produces the failure of the ionic neuronal milieu. In this context, zinc, the second most abundant metal ion in the brain, is a key but still somehow underappreciated player of the excitotoxic cascade. Zinc is an essential element for neuronal functioning, but when dysregulated acts as a potent neurotoxin. In this review, we discuss the ionic changes and downstream effects involved in the glutamate-driven neuronal loss, with a focus on the role exerted by zinc. Finally, we summarize our work on the fascinating distinct properties of NADPH-diaphorase neurons. This neuronal subpopulation is spared from excitotoxic insults and represents a powerful tool to understand mechanisms of resilience against excitotoxic processes.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s diseaseAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisHuntington’s diseasemitochondriaNADPH-diaphoraseParkinson’s diseasereactive nitrogen speciesreactive oxygen species

Identifiers

PMID33324162
PMCPMC7725690
OpenAlexW3107330680

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.