ArticleRetina (Philadelphia, Pa.)2021
THE LOSS OF INFRARED LIGHT SENSITIVITY OF PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS MEASURED WITH TWO-PHOTON EXCITATION AS AN INDICATOR OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: A Pilot Study.
Article in Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Visual Function Loss Through Opacified Media: Comparison Between Single- and Two-Photon Vision.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Seeing nonspectral colors with single wavelength stimulation in two-photon vision.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Method for the determination of the luminance of two-photon vision stimuli.Biomedical optics express · 2024Article
- Boosting 2-photon vision with adaptive optics.Journal of vision · 2023Article
- From mouse to human: Accessing the biochemistry of vision in vivo by two-photon excitation.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2023Review
- Femtosecond Er-doped fiber laser source tunable from 872 to 1075 nm for two-photon vision studies in humans.Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
- Two-Photon Vision in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Translational Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Infrared- and white-light retinal sensitivity in glaucomatous neuropathy.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Pupillary Light Reflex Induced by Two-Photon Vision.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeHuman photoreceptors are sensitive to infrared light (IR). This sensitivity can be used as a novel indicator of retinal function. Diabetic retinopathy patients were assessed using in vivo two-photon excitation and compared their scotopic IR threshold with that of healthy patients.
methodsSixty-two participants, 28 healthy and 34 with diabetic retinopathy, underwent a comprehensive eye examination, where visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were assessed. Infrared thresholds were measured in the fovea and parafovea following 30-minute dark adaptation. A two-photon excitation device was used with integrated pulsed laser light (1,045 nm) for sensitivity testing and scanning laser ophthalmoscopy for fundus imaging.
resultsThe mean Snellen visual acuity of diabetic patients (6/7.7) was worse than that of the healthy patients (6/5.5), which was significantly different (P < 0.001). Disease patients had decreased contrast sensitivity, especially at 6 and 18 cycles/degree. The mean retinal sensitivity to IR light in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (11.6 ± 2.0 dB) was significantly (P < 0.001) lower than that in normal eyes (15.5 ± 1.3 dB).
conclusionCompared with healthy control subjects, the IR light sensitivity of diabetic patients was significantly impaired. Two-photon measurements can be used in the assessment of retinal disease, but further studies are needed to validate IR light stimulation in various stages of diabetic retinopathy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.