Trial reportThorax2021
Functional electrical stimulation in-bed cycle ergometry in mechanically ventilated patients: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in Thorax, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02214823 (Functional Electrical Stimulation Assisted Cycling), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Functional Electrical Stimulation Assisted Cycling (eStimCycle):A Novel Intervention to Improve Outcomes in the Critically Ill
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Korean clinical practice guidelines for rehabilitation in critically ill patients and post-intensive care syndrome.Acute and critical care · 2026Guideline
- In-bed cycling for adult intensive care patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for early rehabilitation in critically ill patients: a systematic review of applied protocols.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of physical rehabilitation on functional recovery in critically ill patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Preventive effects of early mobilisation on delirium incidence in critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2025Pooled it
- Reporting of nutritional screening, status, and intake in trials of nutritional and physical rehabilitation following critical illness: a systematic review.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Guideline on multimodal rehabilitation for patients with post-intensive care syndrome.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Guideline
- Therapeutic Potential of Electromyostimulation (EMS) in Critically Ill Patients-A Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Pooled it
- Recumbent FES-Cycling Exercise Improves Muscle Performance and Ambulation Capacity in Hospitalized Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Artificial organs · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Patient-reported outcomes and experience measures in clinical trials of critically ill adults with sepsis: a scoping review.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2026Article
- Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines for Rehabilitation in Critically Ill Patients and Post-Intensive Care Syndrome.Annals of rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- Saudi Guideline for Mechanical Ventilation in Adults.Saudi journal of medicine & medical sciences · 2026Article
- Functional and muscle recovery after critical illness: current and future nutritional, physical and metabolic strategies.Annals of intensive care · 2026Review
- Article
- Muscle weakness after critical illness: unravelling biological mechanisms and clinical hurdles.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- PRACTICE: Development of a Core Outcome Set for Trials of Physical Rehabilitation in Critical Illness.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Article
- Safety and efficacy of a novel quantitative phase I exercise in patients after cardiopulmonary bypass: a single-blind, prospective, non-randomized study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Article
- Does inflammation and altered metabolism impede efficacy of functional electrical stimulation in critically ill patients? Unleashing the potential of individualized functional electrical stimulation-cycling in critical illness.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Article
- Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Rehabilitation in Critically Ill Patients 2023 (J-ReCIP 2023).Journal of intensive care · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the effect of functional electrical stimulation-assisted cycle ergometry (FES-cycling) on muscle strength, cognitive impairment and related outcomes.
methodsMechanically ventilated patients aged ≥18 years with sepsis or systemic inflammatory response syndrome were randomised to either 60 min of FES-cycling
resultsWe enrolled 162 participants, across four study sites experienced in ICU rehabilitation in Australia and the USA, to FES-cycling (n=80; mean age±SD 59±15) versus control (n=82; 56±14). Intervention participants received a median (IQR) of 5 (3-9) FES-cycling sessions with duration of 56 (34-63) min/day plus 15 (10-23) min/day of usual care rehabilitation. The control group received 15 (8-15) min/day of usual care rehabilitation. In the intervention versus control group, there was no significant differences for muscle strength at hospital discharge (mean difference (95% CI) 3.3 (-5.0 to 12.1) Nm), prevalence of cognitive impairment at 6 months (OR 1.1 (95% CI 0.30 to 3.8)) or secondary outcomes measured in-hospital and at 6 and 12 months follow-up.
conclusionIn this randomised controlled trial, undertaken at four centres with established rehabilitation programmes, the addition of FES-cycling to usual care rehabilitation did not substantially increase muscle strength at hospital discharge. At 6 months, the incidence of cognitive impairment was almost identical between groups, but potential benefit or harm of the intervention on cognition cannot be excluded due to imprecision of the estimated effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ACTRN 12612000528853, NCT02214823.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.