Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33323451›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2020

Information needs among women taking part in primary HPV screening in England: a content analysis.

Laura Marlow, Alice S Forster, Emily McBride, Lauren Rockliffe, Henry Kitchener, Jo Waller

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Recommendations for a Communication Strategy to Support Informed Decision-Making About Self or Clinician Sampling for Cervical Screening in the UK: Qualitative Study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Laura MarlowCancer Prevention Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK l.marlow@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-1709-2397
Alice S ForsterResearch Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9933-7919
Emily McBrideResearch Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
Lauren RockliffeSchool of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Henry KitchenerWomen's Cancer Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK.
Jo WallerCancer Prevention Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4025-9132
King's College London · GBUniversity College London · GBManchester Academic Health Science Centre · GBUniversity of Manchester · GB

Funding

Cancer Research UK 17429Cancer Research UK C49896/A17429Cancer Research UK C7492/A17219Department of Health DRF-2017-10-105
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesIntroducing primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing to cervical screening programmes means changes to the results women receive. We explored additional information needs among women undergoing HPV primary screening.

designWomen were sent a postal questionnaire shortly after receiving their results and 6 and 12 months later. Each questionnaire asked if women had any unanswered questions about cervical screening or HPV testing. Free-text responses constituted the data. Themes were identified using content analysis.

settingNational Health Service (NHS) Cervical Screening Programme, England.

participants381 women who recorded one or more free-text responses.

resultsThe most common theme represented women's emotional responses and attempts to understand their results. This theme was raised by 45% of women overall, but was as high as 59% in the HPV cleared group. General questions about the cause and epidemiology of HPV were raised by 38% of women and were more common among those testing HPV positive with normal cytology (52%). Questions about the purpose and procedure for HPV testing were most common among HPV-negative women (40%, compared with 16%-24% of the other results groups). Questions about future implications of test results were raised by 19% of women, and this theme was most common among those with persistent HPV.

conclusionsDespite provision of information alongside screening invitations, women can still have unanswered questions following receipt of their results. Details about the epidemiology of HPV and why cervical screening procedures are changing should be included with screening invitations. Some results groups may benefit from additional tailored information with their results letter.

Indexed as

Papillomavirus InfectionsUterine Cervical NeoplasmsEarly Detection of CancerEnglandFemaleHumansMass ScreeningPapillomaviridaeState MedicineVaginal Smearspreventive medicineprimary carePublic healthqualitative research

Identifiers

PMID33323451
PMCPMC7745520
OpenAlexW3110807769

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.