ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Content and Dietary Exposure Assessment of Toxic Elements in Infant Formulas from the Chinese Market.
Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Potentially Toxic Metal Levels in Cheeses Produced in Türkiye: Regional Variation, Milk Source, Ripening Stage, Production Type, and Associated Dietary Exposure and Health Risk.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Content and Dietary Contribution Assessment of Mineral Elements in Dairy from Henan Province of China.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Monte Carlo simulation approach for health risk analysis of heavy metals' contamination in infant formula and food on the Iranian market.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Evaluation of safety and health risk characterization of some baby foods in Ghana.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Occurrence of potentially toxic metals in Turkish cheese with dietary intake and health risk assessment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Metals Detected in Milk and Dairy Products in Türkiye: An Assessment in Terms of Human Exposure and Health Risks.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bread Consumption-Induced Heavy Metal Exposures and Health Risk Assessment of Pregnant Women: Turkey.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- Occurrence and dietary exposure assessment of heavy metals in baby foods in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Food science & nutrition · 2023Article
- Health risk assessment of some selected heavy metals in infant food sold in Wa, Ghana.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Analysis of non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of elemental impurities in vitamin C supplements.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2023Article
- Determination of 40 Elements in Powdered Infant Formulas and Related Risk Assessment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In this study, the content of chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in domestic and imported infant formulas from Beijing, China were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The content of Cr, As, Cd and Pb was 2.51-83.80, 0.89-7.87, 0.13-3.58 and 0.36-5.57 μg/kg, respectively. Even though there were no significant differences in toxic elements content between domestic and imported infant formulas, Cd content was slightly lower in domestic samples. The estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) were calculated for infants between 0.5 and 5 y of age. The EDIs were lower than the oral reference doses. THQ of As, Cr, Cd and Pb was 0.027-0.103, 0.024-0.093, 0.0025-0.0090 and 0.0015-0.0046, respectively. HI values were 0.055-0.192 for boys and 0.056-0.209 for girls and were inversely associated with age with a threshold < 1. The non-carcinogenic risk value were in the safe range, indicating that exposure of As, Pb, Cr and Cd from infant formulas do not represent a health risk in China.
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