ArticlePaediatric anaesthesia2021
Hypotension and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes among children with multiple exposures to general anesthesia: Subanalysis of the Mayo Anesthesia Safety in Kids (MASK) Study.
Article in Paediatric anaesthesia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anesthetic Exposure During Childhood and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Intra-operative physiologic interventions associated with postoperative neurological complications in neonates and infants: A secondary analysis of the NECTARINE cohort.European journal of anaesthesiology · 2026Article
- Intraoperative blood pressure considerations in pediatric anesthesia.Anesthesia and pain medicine · 2025Review
- Association between general anesthesia in early childhood and neurodevelopment up to 4 years of age: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Journal of anesthesia · 2024Article
- Risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis following multiple exposures to general anesthesia in the paediatric population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Paediatrics & child health · 2024Article
- Multiple General Anesthesia in Children: A Systematic Review of Its Effect on Neurodevelopment.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe potential adverse effects of exposures to general anesthesia on the developing human brain remain controversial. It has been hypothesized that hypotension accompanying anesthesia could be contributory. We hypothesized that among children exposed to multiple anesthetics prior to age 3, children developing adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes would be more likely to have intraoperative hypotension.
methodsTwo previously published study cohorts were utilized for analysis: the retrospective and prospective Mayo Anesthesia Safety in Kids cohorts. The two lowest consecutive systolic blood pressure measurements were abstracted and standardized by calculating a z-score for noninvasive blood pressure reference ranges for children. The lowest systolic blood pressure z-score (continuous variable) and intraoperative hypotension (lowest systolic blood pressure z-score <-1.0) were used to assess the association of intraoperative hypotension with the incidence of learning disabilities or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(retrospective cohort) and factor scores/cluster membership (prospective cohort).
resultsOne hunderd and sixteen and 206 children with multiple exposures to general anesthesia were analyzed in the retrospective and prospective cohorts with mean lowest systolic blood pressure z-scores -0.26 (SD 1.02) and -0.62 (SD 1.10), respectively. There was no overall association of the lowest z-score or hypotension with learning disabilities or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the retrospective cohort. In the prospective cohort, there was no overall association of the lowest systolic blood pressure or hypotension with factor scores or cluster membership.
conclusionsWe did not find evidence to support the hypothesis that, among children exposed to multiple anesthetics prior to age 3, children developing adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes would be more likely to have intraoperative hypotension compared with those who did not.
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Registered trials
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