ReviewHeliyon2020
Infections, inflammation, and risk of neuropsychiatric disorders: the neglected role of "co-infection".
Review in Heliyon, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toxoplasma gondii infection and testosterone alteration: A systematic review and meta-analyses.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Changes of cognitive functions and proinflammatory cytokines across the lifespan in latentBrain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- The predictivity of hematological parameters and related inflammatory biomarkers of male subjects with chronic polysubstance use disorder.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Interplay of EBV, HSV-1, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Psychiatric Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Unravelling the Viral Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- In silico analysis of human herpes virus-8 genome: a comparison of the K1, VR1, and VR2 regions for genotyping and global geographical distribution.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Guarding minds: a narrative review on how n-acetylcyteine and ketones could shield sensitive patients from antibiotic neurotoxicity.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- One path, two solutions: Network-based analysis identifies targetable pathways for the treatment of comorbid type II diabetes and neuropsychiatric disorders.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with Psychoneuroimmunological Processes and Neuropsychiatric Conditions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Case report: Varicella zoster virus encephalitis following COVID-19 vaccination in an immunocompetent individual.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Silent Infections are not So Silent: The Emerging Role of Combined Infections, Inflammation, and Vitamin Levels in OCD.Clinical neuropsychiatry · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Maternal COVID-19 infection and the fetus: Immunological and neurological perspectives.New microbes and new infections · 2023Review
- Toxoplasma gondii, HBV, and HCV co-infection and their correlation with CD4 cells among Iranian HIV-positive patients.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Latent infections, coronavirus disease 2019 and psychiatric disorders: The friend of my enemy.Clinical and translational discovery · 2022Article
- Immunogenicity of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in hemodialysis patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Health science reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Testosterone Augments Propagation of Toxoplasma gondii in Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro.Acta parasitologica · 2022Article
- COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs) have multiple etiological factors, mainly genetic background, environmental conditions and immunological factors. The host immune responses play a pivotal role in various physiological and pathophysiological process. In NPDs, inflammatory immune responses have shown to be involved in diseases severity and treatment outcome. Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are involved in various neurobiological pathways, such as GABAergic signaling and neurotransmitter synthesis. Infectious agents are among the major amplifier of inflammatory reactions, hence, have an indirect role in the pathogenesis of NPDs. As such, some infections directly affect the central nervous system (CNS) and alter the genes that involved in neurobiological pathways and NPDs. Interestingly, the most of infectious agents that involved in NPDs (e.g.,
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.