ArticleNature protocols2021
Composable microfluidic spinning platforms for facile production of biomimetic perfusable hydrogel microtubes.
Article in Nature protocols, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Vascularized Cardiac Tissue Engineering: From Advances in Biofabrication to Translational Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Fiber-integrated hydrogels: a versatile platform to improve structural and biological performance in 3D biofabrication.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Template-Free Wet-Spinning of Multifunctional Sodium Alginate Hollow Hydrogels.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Biomimetic hydrogel design strategies for vascular grafts and vascularized tissue constructs.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Multifunctional Hydrogels for Advanced Cancer Treatment: Diagnostic Imaging and Therapeutic Modalities.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Hydrogel applications: a promising frontier in pneumonia therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- Gel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Flexible Sensing: Principles, Properties, and Applications.Nano-micro letters · 2024Review
- Controlled oxygen delivery to power tissue regeneration.Nature communications · 2024Review
- Evaluation of Alginate Hydrogel Microstrands for Stromal Cell Encapsulation and Maintenance.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Hydrogel-assisted microfluidic spinning of stretchable fibers via fluidic and interfacial self-adaptations.Science advances · 2023Article
- Nerve-on-a-Chip Derived Biomimicking Microfibers for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Building Blood Vessel Chips with Enhanced Physiological Relevance.Advanced materials technologies · 2023Article
- The Rising Aerogel Fibers: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Microneedle array facilitates hepatic sinusoid construction in a large-scale liver-acinus-chip microsystem.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2023Article
- Microfluidic-assisted fiber production: Potentials, limitations, and prospects.Biomicrofluidics · 2022Review
- Responsive hydrogel microfibers for biomedical engineering.Smart medicine · 2022Article
- Alginate microfibers as therapeutic delivery scaffolds and tissue mimics.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Alginate Hydrogel Microtubes for Salivary Gland Cell Organization and Cavitation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Microtissues with specific structures and integrated vessels play a key role in maintaining organ functions. To recapitulate the in vivo environment for tissue engineering and organ-on-a-chip purposes, it is essential to develop perfusable biomimetic microscaffolds. We developed facile all-aqueous microfluidic approaches for producing perfusable hydrogel microtubes with diverse biomimetic sizes and shapes. Here, we provide a detailed protocol describing the construction of the microtube spinning platforms, the assembly of microfluidic devices, and the fabrication and characterization of various perfusable hydrogel microtubes. The hydrogel microtubes can be continuously generated from microfluidic devices due to the crosslinking of alginate by calcium in the coaxial flows and collecting bath. Owing to the mild all-aqueous spinning process, cells can be loaded into the alginate prepolymer for microtube spinning, which enables the direct production of cell-laden hydrogel microtubes. By manipulating the fluid dynamics at the microscale, the composable microfluidic devices and platforms can be used for the facile generation of six types of biomimetic perfusable microtubes. The microfluidic platforms and devices can be set up within 3 h from commonly available and inexpensive materials. After 10-20 min required to adjust the platform and fluids, perfusable hydrogel microtubes can be generated continuously. We describe how to characterize the microtubes using scanning electron or confocal microscopy. As an example application, we describe how the microtubes can be used for the preparation of a vascular lumen and how to perform barrier permeability tests of the vascular lumen.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33318693What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.