Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33318676›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2021

Neuroinflammation and microglial activation in Alzheimer disease: where do we go from here?

Fangda Leng, Paul Edison

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07284316 (Effect of a Multidomain Intervention Plus Turmeric on the Prevention of Cognitive Decline in People Over 55 Years of Age With Insulin Resistance), which is not on this map. Cited by 1,820 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,820citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
113.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07284316 phase2 / phase3active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effect of a Multidomain Intervention Plus Turmeric on the Prevention of Cognitive Decline in People Over 55 Years of Age With Insulin Resistance: A Randomized Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialRan2025 to 2027Enrolled100ConditionsCognitive Decline, Subjective Cognitive Impairment, Insulin ResistanceArmsTurmeric extract, Control: Placebo. 500mg gelatin in capsules 2 times a day
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1,820 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,973 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. The effects ofIBRO neuroscience reports · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Oxytocin as regulator of stress and inflammation in aging.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026
    Review
  12. Fraxetin Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in STZ-Induced Mice: Involvement of Suppressed Microglial Hyperactivation and Improved Mitochondrial Dysfunction.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. miR-214-3p and NCKAP1: A microglial functional dimension of Alzheimer's progression.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  17. Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

1,760 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Fangda LengDepartment of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK.
Paul EdisonDepartment of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK. paul.edison@imperial.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-6551-2002
Hammersmith Hospital · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/V007688/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease, estimated to contribute 60-70% of all cases of dementia worldwide. According to the prevailing amyloid cascade hypothesis, amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the brain is the initiating event in AD, although evidence is accumulating that this hypothesis is insufficient to explain many aspects of AD pathogenesis. The discovery of increased levels of inflammatory markers in patients with AD and the identification of AD risk genes associated with innate immune functions suggest that neuroinflammation has a prominent role in the pathogenesis of AD. In this Review, we discuss the interrelationships between neuroinflammation and amyloid and tau pathologies as well as the effect of neuroinflammation on the disease trajectory in AD. We specifically focus on microglia as major players in neuroinflammation and discuss the spatial and temporal variations in microglial phenotypes that are observed under different conditions. We also consider how these cells could be modulated as a therapeutic strategy for AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBrainHumansMacrophage ActivationMicrogliaNeurodegenerative DiseasesNeuroinflammatory Diseases

Identifiers

PMID33318676
OpenAlexW3111509171

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.