ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2021
Immunogenicity of biologic agents in rheumatology.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and clinical relevance of anti-drug antibodies in psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review.RMD open · 2026Pooled it
- Multiple Switches Between Adalimumab-fkjp and Reference Adalimumab in Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Parallel Group, Randomized Clinical Trial for Interchangeability.Advances in therapy · 2025Trial
- Trial
- A Phase I Clinical Study Comparing the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Immunogenicity of GB221 Injection and Trastuzumab (HerceptinEuropean journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2024Trial
- The role of antidrug antibodies in ustekinumab therapy and the impact of methotrexate.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Switching Between Adalimumab Reference Product and BI 695501 in Patients with Chronic Plaque Psoriasis (VOLTAIRE-X): A Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2022Trial
- Mapping the global research landscape of risankizumab: a decade (2016-2025) of multi-database bibliometric analysis and emerging frontiers.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Targeted Treatment for Hyperuricemia: The Drug Pipeline.Drugs & aging · 2026Review
- Sex Differences in Medication Discontinuation in Axial Spondyloarthritis.Arthritis care & research · 2026Article
- Review
- Pathogenic Drivers of Difficult-to-Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis: Synovium and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Research Progress and Comparative Evaluation of Three Cutting-Edge Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Treatment Strategies: Biologics, Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction, and Stem Cell Therapies.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Review
- Addressing nonspecific interactions in a Gyrolab anti-drug antibody (ADA) assay: a case study on method optimization to improve repeatability.Bioanalysis · 2025Article
- The Phenomenon of Anti-Drug Antibodies in Psoriasis: Mechanisms, Clinical Impact, and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Drug-Tolerant, Chemiluminescent Lateral Flow Immunoassay Platform for the Determination of Neutralizing Anti-Drug Antibodies.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Central nervous system demyelination associated with biological agents used in the treatment of rheumatologic diseases: a retrospective cohort study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Validation of the i-Tracker Drug and Total Anti-Drug Antibody CLIA Assays on IDS-iSYS for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Adalimumab- and Infliximab-Treated Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Belimumab concentrations and immunogenicity in relation to drug effectiveness and safety in SLE within a Swedish real-world setting.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Highly variable aggregation and glycosylation profiles and their roles in immunogenicity to protein-based therapeutics.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- CT-P17 Adalimumab Biosimilar in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: An Open-Label Extension of a Phase 3 Interchangeability Study.Dermatology and therapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Biologic agents have become a core component of therapeutic strategies for many inflammatory rheumatic diseases. However, perhaps reflecting the specificity and generally high affinity of biologic agents, these therapeutics have been used by rheumatologists with less consideration of their pharmacokinetics than that of conventional synthetic DMARDs. Immunogenicity was recognized as a potential limitation to the use of biologic agents at an early stage in their development, although regulatory guidance was relatively limited and assays to measure immunogenicity were less sophisticated than today. The advent of biosimilars has sparked a renewed interest in immunogenicity that has resulted in the development of increasingly sensitive assays, an enhanced appreciation of the pharmacokinetic consequences of immunogenicity and the development of comprehensive and specific guidance from regulatory authorities. As a result, rheumatologists have a greatly improved understanding of the field in general, including the factors responsible for immunogenicity, its potential clinical consequences and the implications for everyday treatment. In some specialties, immunogenicity testing is becoming a part of routine clinical management, but definitive evidence of its cost-effectiveness in rheumatology is awaited.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.