ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2021
Gut microbiome, liver immunology, and liver diseases.
Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 250 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
250 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effect of TIPS on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: a meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Pooled it
- Modulating the gut microbiome to enhance cancer immunotherapy: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis of probiotics and FMT as adjuncts.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and NETosis in alcohol-associated diseases: A systematic review.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Pooled it
- Global research trends on gut microbiota and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: Insights from bibliometric and scientometric analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Functional contribution of the intestinal microbiome in autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Rett syndrome: a systematic review of pediatric and adult studies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Effects ofWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2024Trial
- Global publication trends and research hotspots of the gut-liver axis in NAFLD: A bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Trial
- Elucidating the beneficial effects of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in treating hepatocellular carcinoma: an integrated network pharmacology, molecular docking, and single-cell sequencing analysis.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- Multi-omics Analysis Reveals the Protection of a Quadruple Probiotic Mixture in Experimental Autoimmune Hepatitis.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Food-Derived Limosilactobacillus fermentum GR-3 Enhances Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Efficacy.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Hepatic control of immunometabolism: implications for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Screening for Suspected Microplastic-like Particles in Post-Mortem Human Liver: Correlating Histopathological Alterations with Clinical Profiles.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Causal associations between gut microbiota and five common oral lesions: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Gut Microbiota, Immunity, and Metabolism in the Progression From Chronic Liver Disease to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic timeseries links hepatic gene expression to an early and self-limited systemic response to enteric infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The emerging role of the Hippo signaling pathway in interorgan crosstalk.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- The gut-liver axis in drug-induced liver injury (DILI): Interplay between gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, and immune system.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- An ICT + ESIPT synergistic NIR ratiometric probe for mitochondrial MAOs imaging in vivo and in vitro.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Short-chain Fatty Acids and Bile Acids Signaling in Chronic Hepatitis B.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2026Review
190 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex and plastic consortium of microorganisms that are intricately connected with human physiology. The liver is a central immunological organ that is particularly enriched in innate immune cells and constantly exposed to circulating nutrients and endotoxins derived from the gut microbiota. The delicate interaction between the gut and liver prevents accidental immune activation against otherwise harmless antigens. Work on the interplay between the gut microbiota and liver has assisted in understanding the pathophysiology of various liver diseases. Of immense importance is the step from high-throughput sequencing (correlation) to mechanistic studies (causality) and therapeutic intervention. Here, we review the gut microbiota, liver immunology, and the interaction between the gut and liver. In addition, the impairment in the gut-liver axis found in various liver diseases is reviewed here, with an emphasis on alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune liver disease (AILD). On the basis of growing evidence from these preclinical studies, we propose that the gut-liver axis paves the way for targeted therapeutic modalities for liver diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.