Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33318112›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2020

Cross-sectional study on the awareness, susceptibility and use of heated tobacco products among adolescents in Guatemala City, Guatemala.

Anna Gottschlich, Sophia Mus, Jose Carlos Monzon, James F Thrasher, Joaquin Barnoya

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  6. Preventive medicine reports · 2025
    Review
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  8. Factors Associated With the Changes in Smoking and Electronic cigarette use in Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Analysis.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2024
    Article
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  15. Assessment of IQOS Marketing Strategies at Points-of-Sale in Israel at a Time of Regulatory Transition.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Anna GottschlichInstituto de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rafael Landivar, Guatemala, Guatemala annagott@umich.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-3095-2323
Sophia MusInstituto de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rafael Landivar, Guatemala, Guatemala.
Jose Carlos MonzonInstituto de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rafael Landivar, Guatemala, Guatemala.
James F ThrasherDepartment of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Joaquin BarnoyaInstituto de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rafael Landivar, Guatemala, Guatemala.ORCID 0000-0002-1731-479X
Universidad Rafael Landívar · GTUniversity of British Columbia · CAUniversity of South Carolina · US

Funding

Electronic cigarettes in Latin America: Evaluation of impacts and policy optionsR01TW010652 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI BARNOYA, JOAQUIN, THRASHER, JAMES · 2018 to 2021
$1.6M
FIC NIH HHS R01 TW010652
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesHeated tobacco products (HTPs) are increasingly marketed worldwide, yet limited research on HTPs has been conducted in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) or among adolescents. Guatemala is one of the few LMICs where HTPs are available. This study examined prevalence and correlates of HTP awareness, susceptibility and use among adolescents in Guatemala. DESIGN, SETTING AND

participantsA cross-sectional survey on HTP awareness, susceptibility and use was conducted among 2870 students between the ages of 13 and 17 in private schools in Guatemala City, Guatemala. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was susceptibility to future use of HTP among school-aged current and never smokers in Guatemala. We also explored awareness and use of HTPs. Multivariate binomial regression models were used to explore associations between these outcomes and both sociodemographic factors and established smoking correlates.

resultsOf all students (n=2870), about half were aware of HTPs (52.4%) and susceptible to future or continued use (52.4%). Whereas 8.4% of students had tried HTPs in the lifetime (but not in the last month), only 2.9% used HTPs in the past month. Independent correlates of HTP susceptibility and ever-use included: use of other tobacco products (current smoking: adjusted OR (AOR)=10.53 and 6.63, respectively; current e-cigarette use: AOR=21.87 and 10.40, respectively), moderate alcohol consumption (AOR=1.49 and 1.19, respectively), marijuana use in the past 30 days (AOR=3.49 and 2.29, respectively) and having friends who use HTPs (AOR=1.83 and 7.28, respectively).

conclusionsAmong this sample of adolescents in Guatemala City, where tobacco control is weak, the prevalence of HTP use was low but susceptibility to future use was high. Tobacco prevention and intervention strategies for cigarettes and e-cigarettes should now also include HTPs, which tend to be used by similar adolescent populations (ie, those who use other substances or are exposed to tobacco through family and friends).

Indexed as

Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsTobacco ProductsAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesGuatemalaHumansSurveys and Questionnairescommunity child healthepidemiologypublic health

Identifiers

PMID33318112
PMCPMC7737060
OpenAlexW3112362529

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.