ArticleeLife2020
Autophagy in T cells from aged donors is maintained by spermidine and correlates with function and vaccine responses.
Article in eLife, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spermidine Mitigates Immune Cell Senescence and Boosts Vaccine Responses in Healthy Older Adults-A Pilot Study.Aging cell · 2026Trial
- Berberine and its derivatives as candidate modulators of immunosenescence: a critical evaluation.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- The ageing immune system as a driver of systemic ageing.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting TMED4 enhances CD8Science advances · 2026Article
- Lifelong Exercise as a Modulator of CD4European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Spermidine in the aging brain: mechanisms, preclinical evidence, and clinical perspectives.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Review
- Adaptive crosstalk between polyamine metabolism, translation, and autophagy sustains energy homeostasis in mammals during starvation: a scoping review.Amino acids · 2026Review
- Links Between Autophagy and Healthy Aging.Journal of molecular biology · 2026Review
- Mechanistic Modulation of Autophagy by Bioactive Natural Products: Implications for Human Aging and Longevity.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Rapamycin Exerts Its Geroprotective Effects in the Ageing Human Immune System by Enhancing Resilience Against DNA Damage.Aging cell · 2026Article
- The arginase-polyamine signaling axis in immune cells: Implications for immune modulation and host-pathogen interactions.iScience · 2026Review
- Autophagy-regulated mitochondrial inheritance controls early CD8Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Autophagy selectively clears ER in TNF-α-induced muscle atrophy.Autophagy reports · 2026Article
- Dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone and spermidine in healthy longevity: targeting the hallmarks of aging.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Defining Microbiota-Derived Metabolite Butyrate as a Senomorphic: Therapeutic Potential in the Age-Related T Cell Senescence.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence in aging and neurodegenerative diseases: evidence, key hallmarks, and therapeutic implications.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Heme and iron toxicity in the aged spleen impairs T cell immunity through iron deprivation.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Preservation of Autophagy May Be a Mechanism Behind Healthy Aging.Aging cell · 2025Article
- The Gut Microbiome and Vaccination: A Comprehensive Review of Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Vaccines · 2025Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccines are powerful tools to develop immune memory to infectious diseases and prevent excess mortality. In older adults, however vaccines are generally less efficacious and the molecular mechanisms that underpin this remain largely unknown. Autophagy, a process known to prevent aging, is critical for the maintenance of immune memory in mice. Here, we show that autophagy is specifically induced in vaccine-induced antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in healthy human volunteers. In addition, reduced IFNγ secretion by RSV-induced T cells in older vaccinees correlates with low autophagy levels. We demonstrate that levels of the endogenous autophagy-inducing metabolite spermidine fall in human T cells with age. Spermidine supplementation in T cells from old donors recovers their autophagy level and function, similar to young donors' cells, in which spermidine biosynthesis has been inhibited. Finally, our data show that endogenous spermidine maintains autophagy via the translation factor eIF5A and transcription factor TFEB. In summary, we have provided evidence for the importance of autophagy in vaccine immunogenicity in older humans and uncovered two novel drug targets that may increase vaccination efficiency in the aging context.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.