ArticleBMC nutrition2020
Diet quality, weight loss, and diabetes incidence in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP).
Article in BMC nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Healthy Eating Index Diet Quality in Randomized Weight Loss Trials: A Systematic Review.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Sex moderates diet quality differences in integrated collaborative care for comorbid obesity and depression: Post-hoc analysis of the RAINBOW RCT.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Association of dietary adherence and dietary quality with weight loss success among those following low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets: a secondary analysis of the DIETFITS randomized clinical trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Trial
- Effect of an mHealth weight loss intervention on Healthy Eating Index diet quality: the SMARTER randomised controlled trial.The British journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- EXERCISE BENEFITS AND BARRIERS IN AN EXTENSION-DELIVERED DIABETES PREVENTION PROGRAM.Family and consumer sciences research journal · 2025Article
- Physical activity as clinical practice care for patients with type 2 diabetics and its implementation in routine clinical care: an expert opinion survey.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Evolutionary Diet Mismatch and Its Contribution to the Deterioration of Body Composition.Metabolites · 2024Review
- Impact of individual and environmental factors on dietary or lifestyle interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes development: a systematic review.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- Diet Quality Outcomes of a Cooperative Extension Diabetes Prevention Program.Journal of nutrition education and behavior · 2023Article
- Rationale and design of IMPACT-women: a randomised controlled trial of the effect of time-restricted eating, healthy eating and reduced sedentary behaviour on metabolic health during chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer.The British journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Dietary intake during a pragmatic cluster-randomized weight loss trial in an underserved population in primary care.Nutrition journal · 2023Article
- Differences in Adherence to American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8, Diet Quality, and Weight Loss Strategies Between Those With and Without Recent Clinically Significant Weight Loss in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adults.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Distinct factors associated with short-term and long-term weight loss induced by low-fat or low-carbohydrate diet intervention.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) score and diabetes risk in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS).BMC nutrition · 2022Article
- The Relationship of Physical Activity and Dietary Quality and Diabetes Prevalence in US Adults: Findings from NHANES 2011-2018.Nutrients · 2022Article
- A Simple Liking Survey Captures Behaviors Associated with Weight Loss in a Worksite Program among Women at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe evaluated whether diet quality is a predictor of weight loss and reduced diabetes risk, independent of caloric intake in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) cohort, a randomized clinical trial of adults at risk for diabetes.
methodsThis secondary analysis included 2914 participants with available data (964 intensive lifestyle (ILS), 977 metformin, 973 placebo). Dietary intake was assessed using a 117-item food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was quantified using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI). AHEI ranges from 0 to 110, with higher scores corresponding to higher quality diets. ILS participants had greater improvement (p < 0.001) in AHEI over 1-year (4.2 ± 9.0) compared to metformin (1.2 ± 8.5) and placebo (1.4 ± 8.4). We examined the association between AHEI change and weight change from baseline to 1-year using linear regression, and that between 1-year AHEI change and incident diabetes, using hazard models over an average 3 years follow-up. Models were evaluated within treatment group and adjusted for relevant characteristics including caloric intake, physical activity, BMI and AHEI. Models testing incident diabetes were further adjusted for baseline fasting and 2 h glucose.
resultsAn increase in AHEI score was associated with weight loss in ILS [β per 10-point increase (SE) -1.2 kg (0.3, p < 0.001)], metformin [- 0. 90 kg (0.2, p < 0.001)] and placebo [- 0.55 kg (0.2, p = 0.01)]. However, AHEI change was not associated with incident diabetes in any group before or after adjustment for weight change.
conclusionsControlling for weight, diet quality was not associated with diabetes incidence but helps achieve weight loss, an important factor in diabetes prevention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.