ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2020
Reduced oxidized LDL in T2D plaques is associated with a greater statin usage but not with future cardiovascular events.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Statin Therapy on Oxidized LDL and Its Antibodies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Pooled it
- The changing epidemiology of human type 2 diabetes-associated atherosclerosis: Pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging treatment possibilities.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- LDL oxidation and cerebrovascular aging: mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Orticumab: the potential to harness oxidized LDL to reduce coronary inflammation with plaque-targeted therapy.Current opinion in lipidology · 2025Review
- Adiponectin and TNF-Alpha Differentially Mediate the Association Between Cystatin C and Oxidized LDL in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Plasma Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Predicts Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Independent of Circulating Adipokine and Cytokine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Active and Passive Smoking as Catalysts for Cognitive Impairment in Rural Indonesia: A Population-based Study.Oman medical journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Association between carotid intima media thickness and acute ischemic stroke at an Indonesian tertiary referral hospital.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2023Article
- Mechanism of the antidiabetic action ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2023Review
- Association between measured or calculated small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in subjects with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2023Article
- Inflammatory Cells in Atherosclerosis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Correction to: Reduced oxidized LDL in T2D plaques is associated with a greater statin usage but not with future cardiovascular events.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) patients are at a greater risk of cardiovascular events due to aggravated atherosclerosis. Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) has been shown to be increased in T2D plaques and suggested to contribute to plaque ruptures. Despite intensified statin treatment during the last decade the higher risk for events remains. Here, we explored if intensified statin treatment was associated with reduced oxLDL in T2D plaques and if oxLDL predicts cardiovascular events, to elucidate whether further plaque oxLDL reduction would be a promising therapeutic target.
methodsCarotid plaque OxLDL levels and plasma lipoproteins were assessed in 200 patients. Plaque oxLDL was located by immunohistochemistry. Plaque cytokines, cells and scavenger receptor gene expression were quantified by Luminex, immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing, respectively. Clinical information and events during follow-up were obtained from national registers.
resultsPlaque oxLDL levels correlated with markers of inflammatory activity, endothelial activation and plasma LDL cholesterol (r = 0.22-0.32 and p ≤ 0.01 for all). T2D individuals exhibited lower plaque levels of oxLDL, sLOX-1(a marker of endothelial activation) and plasma LDL cholesterol (p = 0.001, p = 0.006 and p = 0.009). No increased gene expression of scavenger receptors was identified in T2D plaques. The lower oxLDL content in T2D plaques was associated with a greater statin usage (p = 0.026). Supporting this, a linear regression model showed that statin treatment was the factor with the strongest association to plaque oxLDL and plasma LDL cholesterol (p < 0.001 for both). However, patients with T2D more frequently suffered from symptoms and yet plaque levels of oxLDL did not predict cardiovascular events in T2D (findings are summarized in Fig. 1a).
conclusionsThis study points out the importance of statin treatment in affecting plaque biology in T2D. It also implies that other biological components, beyond oxLDL, need to be identified and targeted to further reduce the risk of events among T2D patients receiving statin treatment.
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