ArticleCirculation2021
Gender-Based Differences in Outcomes Among Resuscitated Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.
Article in Circulation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early versus delayed coronary angiography in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and no ST-segment elevation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024Pooled it
- Cardiac Arrests During Inpatient Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures: A United States Nationwide Assessment.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Ethics in prehospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Rethinking CPR training: when the "man" in manikin affects performance, a randomized crossover simulation study.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Timing matters: sex differences in treatment limitation decisions in intensive care.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Nationwide analysis of mortality predictors following in-hospital cardiac arrest in older Thai adults, 2016-2024.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Sex-based disparities in bystander CPR for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest related to non-prescription drug use.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Current rat models of extracorporeal life support following global ischaemia: a scoping review.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Review
- Medical Student Perspectives on Female Anatomical Representation in CPR Training.Advances in medical education and practice · 2026Article
- Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients: Different Donor Pathways for an Existing Donor Pool Still Underestimated-Perspective.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Sex differences in neurological outcomes for patients with In-Hospital cardiac arrest.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Demographics and Trends of Sudden Cardiac Death-Related Mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2022.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Initial arterial pH predicts survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in South Korea.Acute and critical care · 2025Article
- Evolution of Critical Care Cardiology: An Update on Structure, Care Delivery, Training, and Research Paradigms: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in advance directives and their clinical translation among critically ill adults: results from the ADVISE study.Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in In-Hospital Mortality Among Patients Receiving Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- System for Predicting Neurological Outcomes Following Cardiac Arrest Based on Clinical Predictors Using a Machine Learning Method: The Neurological Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest Method.Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Mechanism of post cardiac arrest syndrome based on animal models of cardiac arrest.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- Factors analysis of lower probability of receiving bystander CPR in females: a web-based survey.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStudies examining gender-based differences in outcomes of patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have demonstrated that, despite a higher likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation, women do not have higher survival.
methodsPatients successfully resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest enrolled in the CCC trial (Trial of Continuous or Interrupted Chest Compressions during CPR) were included. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the association between gender and survival after adjustment for age, gender, cardiac arrest rhythm, witnessed status, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, episode location, epinephrine dose, emergency medical services response time, and duration of resuscitation. Do not resuscitate (DNR) and withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST) order status were used to assess whether differences in postresuscitation outcomes were modified by baseline prognosis. The analysis was replicated among ALPS trial (Amiodarone, Lidocaine, or Placebo in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest) participants.
resultsAmong 4875 successfully resuscitated patients, 1825 (37.4%) were women and 3050 (62.6%) were men. Women were older (67.5 versus 65.3 years), received less bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (49.1% versus 54.9%), and had a lower proportion of cardiac arrests that were witnessed (55.1% versus 64.5%) or had shockable rhythm (24.3% versus 44.6%,
conclusionsAmong patients resuscitated after experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, discharge survival was significantly lower in women than in men, especially among patients considered to have a favorable prognosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.