Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33316936›Full record

ArticleCells2020

Artesunate Impairs Growth in Cisplatin-Resistant Bladder Cancer Cells by Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis and Autophagy Induction.

Fuguang Zhao, Olesya Vakhrusheva, Sascha D Markowitsch, Kimberly S Slade, Igor Tsaur, Jindrich Cinatl, Martin Michaelis, Thomas Efferth, Axel Haferkamp, Eva Juengel

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cells, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed
13.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. The Role of Natural Compounds in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Targeting ferroptosis for precision medicine in cervical cancer.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Fuguang ZhaoDepartment of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Olesya VakhrushevaDepartment of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Sascha D MarkowitschDepartment of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Kimberly S SladeDepartment of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Igor TsaurDepartment of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5107-3523
Jindrich CinatlInstitute of Medical Virology, Goethe-University, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Martin MichaelisIndustrial Biotechnology Centre, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5710-5888
Thomas EfferthInstitute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
Axel HaferkampDepartment of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Eva JuengelDepartment of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz · DEGoethe University Frankfurt · DEUniversity of Kent · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cisplatin, which induces DNA damage, is standard chemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer (BCa). However, efficacy is limited due to resistance development. Since artesunate (ART), a derivative of artemisinin originating from Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been shown to exhibit anti-tumor activity, and to inhibit DNA damage repair, the impact of artesunate on cisplatin-resistant BCa was evaluated. Cisplatin-sensitive (parental) and cisplatin-resistant BCa cells, RT4, RT112, T24, and TCCSup, were treated with ART (1-100 µM). Cell growth, proliferation, and cell cycle phases were investigated, as were apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, metabolic activity, and protein expression. Exposure to ART induced a time- and dose-dependent significant inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation of parental and cisplatin-resistant BCa cells. This inhibition was accompanied by a G0/G1 phase arrest and modulation of cell cycle regulating proteins. ART induced apoptos is by enhancing DNA damage, especially in the resistant cells. ART did not induce ferroptosis, but led to a disturbance of mitochondrial respiration and ATP generation. This impairment correlated with autophagy accompanied by a decrease in LC3B-I and an increase in LC3B-II. Since ART significantly inhibits proliferative and metabolic aspects of cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant BCa cells, it may hold potential in treating advanced and therapy-resistant BCa.

Indexed as

ApoptosisArtesunateAutophagyCell Cycle ProteinsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationDNA RepairDrug Resistance, NeoplasmG1 Phase Cell Cycle CheckpointsHumansMedicine, Chinese TraditionalMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsArtesunateCell Cycle ProteinsMicrotubule-Associated Proteinsapoptosisartesunate (ART)autophagybladder cancer (BCa)cisplatin resistancegrowth inhibition

Identifiers

PMID33316936
PMCPMC7763932
OpenAlexW3112936653

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.