ReviewImmunology2021
The turning away of serum amyloid A biological activities and receptor usage.
Review in Immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surface cues shape procoagulant properties of amyloidogenic microclots.Cell death & disease · 2026Review
- Cytoarchitectural multi-depot profiling reveals immune-metabolic crosstalk in human colon-associated adipose tissue.Cell metabolism · 2026Article
- Pathogen Evasion of Humoral Innate Immunity: Coping with C-Reactive Protein and Serum Amyloid A.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Host Serum Amyloid A1 FacilitatesMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- The Administration of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Modified by Anesthesia and Surgery Induces Delirium-Like Behaviors in Aged Mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Serum Amyloid A: A Double-Edged Sword in Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporal Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals the Dynamic Immunological Landscape of Alveolar Echinococcosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Elevated Serum Amyloid A2 and A4 in Patients With Guillain-Barré Syndrome.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Functional Interactions Between Recombinant Serum Amyloid A1 (SAA1) and Chemokines in Leukocyte Recruitment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Balancing inflammation: the specific roles of serum amyloid A proteins in sterile and infectious diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Interactions of Serum Amyloid A Proteins with the Blood-Brain Barrier: Implications for Central Nervous System Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- An invasive zone in human liver cancer identified by Stereo-seq promotes hepatocyte-tumor cell crosstalk, local immunosuppression and tumor progression.Cell research · 2023Article
- Acute-serum amyloid A and A-SAA-derived peptides as formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2 ligands.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Fpr2 exacerbatesFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Elevated Serum Amyloid A Levels Contribute to Increased Platelet Adhesion in COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- High serum amyloid A predicts risk of cognitive impairment after lacunar infarction: Development and validation of a nomogram.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Article
- Regulation of Atherosclerosis by Toll-Like Receptor 4 Induced by Serum Amyloid 1: A Systematic In Vitro Study.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an acute-phase protein (APP) to which multiple immunological functions have been attributed. Regardless, the true biological role of SAA remains poorly understood. SAA is remarkably conserved in mammalian evolution, thereby suggesting an important biological function. Since its discovery in the 1970s, the majority of researchers have investigated SAA using recombinant forms made available through bacterial expression. Nevertheless, recent studies indicate that these recombinant forms of SAA are unreliable. Indeed, commercial SAA variants have been shown to be contaminated with bacterial products including lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins. As such, biological activities and receptor usage (TLR2, TLR4) revealed through the use of commercial SAA variants may not reflect the inherent nature of this APP. Within this review, we discuss the biological effects of SAA that have been demonstrated through more solid experimental approaches. SAA takes part in the innate immune response via the recruitment of leucocytes and executes, through pathogen recognition, antimicrobial activity. Knockout animal models implicate SAA in a range of functions, such as regulation of T-cell-mediated responses and monopoiesis. Moreover, through its structural motifs, not only does SAA function as an extracellular matrix protein, but it also binds extracellular matrix proteins. Finally, we here also provide an overview of definite SAA receptor-mediated functions and highlight those that are yet to be validated. The role of FPR2 in SAA-mediated leucocyte recruitment has been confirmed; nevertheless, SAA has been linked to a range of other receptors including CD36, SR-BI/II, RAGE and P2RX7.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.