ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2021
The new generation PFAS C6O4 does not produce adverse effects on thyroid cells in vitro.
Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recovery from chronic PFAS exposure can reverse chemotherapy resistance and mitochondrial alterations in ovarian cancer cells.Toxicology letters · 2026Article
- Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBS)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in human thyrocytes: involvement of AhR and NRF-2/HO-1 pathway.Endocrine · 2025Article
- The Critical Role of Commercial Analytical Reference Standards in the Control of Chemical Risks: The Case of PFAS and Ways Forward.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Article
- How the Structure of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Influences Their Binding Potency to the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated and Thyroid Hormone Receptors-An In Silico Screening Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Experimental evidence of a limited impact of new-generation perfluoroalkyl substance C6O4 on differentiating human dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells.Toxicology reports · 2023Article
- Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Legacy and New Generation Perfluoralkyl Substances (PFAS) on Thyroid CellsFrontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- First Evidence of In Vitro Effects of C6O4-A Substitute of PFOA-On Haemocytes of the ClamToxics · 2021Article
- Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances During Pregnancy and Fetal BDNF Level: A Prospective Cohort Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Thyroid Disrupting Effects of Old and New Generation PFAS.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePer- and poly-fluoroalkyl-substances (PFASs) are synthetic compounds that raised concern due to their potential adverse effects on human health. Long-chain PFAS were banned by government rules in many states, and thus, new emerging PFAS were recently introduced as substitutes. Among these, Perfluoro{acetic acid, 2-[(5-methoxy-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)oxy]}, ammonium salt (C6O4) was recently introduced to produce a range of food contact articles and literature data about this compound are scanty. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of exposure to C6O4, compared with PFOA and PFOS on thyroid cells.
methodsFRTL5 rat-thyroid cell lines and normal human thyroid cells (NHT) were incubated with increasing concentrations of C6O4 for 24, 48, 72, and 144 h to assess cell viability by WST-1. Cell viability was confirmed by AnnexinV/PI staining. Long-chain PFAS (PFOA and PFOS) were used at same concentrations as positive controls. The proliferation of cells exposed to C6O4, PFOA, and PFOS was measured by staining with crystal violet and evaluation of optical density after incubation with SDS. Changes in ROS production by FRTL5 and NHT after exposure to C6O4 at short (10, 20, and 30 min) and long-time points (24 h) were evaluated by cytofluorimetry.
resultsC6O4 exposure did not modify FRTL5 and NHT cell viability at any concentration and/or time points with no induction of necrosis/apoptosis. At difference, PFOS exposure reduced cell viability of FRTL5 while and NHT, while PFOA only in FRTL5. FRTL5 and NHT cell proliferation was reduced by incubation with by PFOA and PFOS, but not with C6O4. ROS production by NHT and FRTL5 cells was not modified after C6O4 exposure, at any time/concentration tested.
conclusionsThe present in vitro study constitutes the first evaluation of the potential adverse effects of the new emerging PFAS C6O4 in cultured rat and human thyroid cells, suggesting its safety for thyroid cells in vitro.
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