ArticleBrain and behavior2021
Inflammatory markers as independent predictors for stroke outcomes.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Immunosenescence and its impact on ischemic stroke risk and outcomes in older adults: a systematic review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis Antibody Levels in Patients With Stroke and Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2024Pooled it
- Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- A novel nomogram to predict mortality in patients with stroke: a survival analysis based on the MIMIC-III clinical database.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2022Trial
- Decreased Anti-inflammatory IL-2 and IL-10 and Increased Mononuclear Cell Tissue Factor Correlate with Stroke Severity: Do Anti-inflammatory Cytokines Modulate Thrombosis?CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Predicting early neurological deterioration in acute branch atheromatous disease without reperfusion therapy: a machine learning model.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- The role of IL-6 in atherosclerosis: a narrative review.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Predictive value of serum inflammatory factors high-sensitivity C-reactive protein combined with high level of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 for the onset of ischemic stroke.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2025Article
- Association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and hematoma expansion in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Article
- The impact of inflammation and iron metabolism on gene expression alterations in ischemic stroke: a bioinformatics approach.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Study on the prediction of short-term clinical changes after cerebral infarction using carotid plaque ultrasound strain elastography.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Correlation of serum calprotectin with outcome of acute cerebral infarction.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2025Article
- Association of physical activity, sedentary behavior and stroke in older adults.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Lithium in Ischemic Stroke: A literature review.International journal of medical sciences · 2024Review
- Causal associations of circulating Helicobacter pylori antibodies with stroke and the mediating role of inflammation.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2023Article
- CRP as a potential predictor of outcome in acute ischemic stroke.Biomedical reports · 2023Article
- Multimodal ultrasound-based carotid plaque risk biomarkers predict poor functional outcome in patients with ischemic stroke or TIA.BMC neurology · 2023Article
- The role of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein serum levels in the prognosis for patients with stroke: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Pan-Immune-Inflammatory Value Predicts the 3 Months Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients after Intravenous Thrombolysis.Current neurovascular research · 2023Article
- Further analysis of natural antibodies against ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of stroke. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between various inflammatory risk markers and ischemic stroke outcome and subtype.
methodsA total of 3,013 ischemic stroke patients who were admitted to our hospital from 01/01/2016 to 12/30/2018 were retrospectively studied. Stroke subtypes were defined by the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification. Levels of five common inflammatory markers including white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured, and eleven conventional risk factors were further evaluated in the prediction of overall mortality as well as three functional outcomes defined by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and the Barthel Index (BI). Independent predictors of outcome were identified by multivariate logistic regression, and an importance score measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for each predictor using a Naive Bayes model was reported.
resultsNeutrophil and WBC were significantly higher in large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and cardioembolism (CE) subtype. In contrast, lymphocyte was significantly higher in small-artery occlusion (SAO). Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and CRP level were the best independent predictors, after adjustment for traditional risk factors and TOAST subtype for all four types of outcomes.
conclusionInflammatory risk markers including neutrophil, lymphocyte, and CRP may have strong independent prediction values for stroke outcome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.